In order to explore the influencing factors of urban residents' water consumption in Ningxia, eight influencing factors are selected, and the model of 2009-2016 data is used to establish the model. The principal component analysis method is used to analyze the factors affecting the domestic water demand of urban residents in Ningxia and Ningxia. Specifically, the following conclusions are drawn: From the perspective of Ningxia, shower water heaters, population, and per capita disposable income have a significant impact on the domestic water consumption of urban residents in Ningxia. That is, household indicators> urbanization level> economic indicators. The main influencing factors of urban residents' water consumption demand in Wuzhong City are: water price, per capita disposable income and per capita housing area.The influencing factors in Guyuan City are: per capita disposable income, domestic water withdrawal, and water price. The influencing factors of Shizuishan City are: per capita disposable income, domestic water withdrawal, and shower water heaters. The influencing factors of Zhongwei City are: per capita disposable income, per capita housing area, and washing machine. The main influencing factors of domestic water consumption demand of residents in Yinchuan City are per capita disposable income, population, washing machine and shower.