To reveal the influence of different furrow irrigation ways on potato growth and quality, three irrigation treatments, alternating furrow irrigation (AFI), conventional furrow irrigation (CFI) and fixed furrow irrigation (FFI), are set up to study the changes of stem diameter, plant height, leaf area expansion rate, yield and internal quality of potatoes under different irrigation models, and to evaluate them comprehensively by subordinate function value method. After 35 days of seedling emergence, the plant growth rate of AFI treatment was obviously higher than that of CFI and FFI treatment; the yield of fresh potatoes increased by 10.43%, 40.24%, the commercial potato rate increased by 30%, 48.43% compared with the other two treatments; the starch and protein content of potatoes treated by AFI were significantly higher than those treated by CI and FFI. Through the analysis of subordinate function value method, the components of yield and quality of potato under three irrigation modes and 10 indicators such as stem diameter, plant height and leaf area were comprehensively evaluated. Alternate furrow irrigation was the best performance. At the same soil moisture level, alternative furrow irrigation has significant advantages in promoting the growth of stem diameter, plant height and leaf area of potatoes, and can significantly improve their economic yield and commercial potato rate, as well as improve their quality.