
Forecast of Water Consumption in Zhengzhou City Based on Improved GM-LSSVR Model
Yan-bin LI, Wen-jing YAN, Hai-tao ZHANG, Jun-kai DU
Forecast of Water Consumption in Zhengzhou City Based on Improved GM-LSSVR Model
Accurate water consumption prediction is an important starting point for responding to the country’s high-quality development, and it is also the basis for the optimal allocation of urban water resources. In view of the volatility of the water consumption sequence and the linear relationship between the gray model and the required factors, this paper proposes a GM-LSSVR prediction model based on HP filter decomposition, that is, the gray correlation analysis method is first used to screen suitable water consumption influencing factors. And then the HP filter decomposition method is used to decompose the selected water consumption and influencing factors into a long-term trend sequence and a short-term fluctuation sequence, and finally the GM-LSSVR combined model is used to predict water consumption. Taking Zhengzhou City as an example, the model is used to predict water consumption from 2001 to 2019, and compared with the prediction results of the GM(1,N) model and the BP neural network model. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the GM-LSSVR prediction model based on HP filter decomposition is greatly improved, and it is feasible and practical, and can be better applied to the study of urban water consumption prediction.
grey correlation analysis / HP filter decomposition / GM-LSSVR model / water consumption forecast {{custom_keyword}} /
Tab.1 Statistics of total water consumption in Zhengzhou from 2012 to 2019表1 2012-2019年郑州总用水量统计 (亿m3) |
年份 | 农业用水 | 工业用水 | 生活用水 | 生态用水 | 总用水量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 4.43 | 6.51 | 4.79 | 1.96 | 17.69 |
2012 | 4.44 | 6.93 | 5.04 | 2.05 | 18.46 |
2013 | 4.78 | 5.77 | 4.95 | 2.13 | 17.63 |
2014 | 5.01 | 5.40 | 5.39 | 2.04 | 17.84 |
2015 | 5.10 | 5.46 | 5.64 | 2.01 | 18.22 |
2016 | 5.50 | 5.47 | 5.88 | 2.70 | 19.55 |
2017 | 4.71 | 5.45 | 6.43 | 3.94 | 20.53 |
2018 | 4.23 | 5.27 | 6.60 | 4.61 | 20.71 |
2019 | 4.24 | 4.99 | 7.30 | 5.13 | 21.66 |
Tab.2 Grey correlation degree of water consumption influencing factor表2 用水量影响因子灰色关联度 |
影响因素 | 灰色关联度r | 影响因素 | 灰色关联度r |
---|---|---|---|
总人口/万人 | 0.925 | 污水处理率/% | 0.785 |
平均气温/℃ | 0.909 | 粮食总产值/万t | 0.782 |
绿化覆盖率/% | 0.878 | 工业用水重复利用率/% | 0.781 |
建成区面积/km2 | 0.825 | 人均生产总值/元 | 0.769 |
Tab.3 Water consumption forecast results表3 用水量预测结果 (亿m3) |
年份 | 实际值 | 模拟值 | 相对误差/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|
训练样本 | 2011 | 17.69 | 17.66 | 0.002 |
2012 | 18.46 | 18.01 | 0.024 | |
2013 | 17.63 | 17.96 | 0.019 | |
2014 | 17.84 | 17.94 | 0.006 | |
2015 | 18.22 | 18.32 | 0.006 | |
2016 | 19.55 | 19.57 | 0.001 | |
2017 | 20.53 | 20.4 | 0.006 | |
平均相对误差/% | - | - | 0.009 | |
测试样本 | 2018 | 20.71 | 20.69 | 0.001 |
2019 | 21.66 | 21.663 | 0 | |
平均相对误差/% | - | - | 0.001 |
Tab.4 The prediction results of the three models表4 3种模型预测结果 (亿m3) |
年份 | 实际值 | 灰色GM(1,N)模型 | BP神经网络模型 | GM-LSSVR模型 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
模拟值 | 相对误差 | 模拟值 | 相对误差 | 模拟值 | 相对误差 | |||
训练样本 | 2011 | 17.69 | 17.22 | 0.027 | 17.64 | 0.003 | 17.66 | 0.002 |
2012 | 18.46 | 17.29 | 0.063 | 17.82 | 0.035 | 18.01 | 0.024 | |
2013 | 17.63 | 18.34 | 0.040 | 17.16 | 0.027 | 17.96 | 0.019 | |
2014 | 17.84 | 18.65 | 0.046 | 18.13 | 0.016 | 17.94 | 0.006 | |
2015 | 18.22 | 19.09 | 0.048 | 18.22 | 0 | 18.32 | 0.006 | |
2016 | 19.55 | 19.60 | 0.002 | 19.26 | 0.015 | 19.57 | 0.001 | |
2017 | 20.53 | 20.13 | 0.020 | 20.81 | 0.014 | 20.40 | 0.006 | |
平均相对误差 | - | - | 0.035 | - | 0.016 | - | 0.009 | |
测试样本 | 2018 | 20.71 | 20.67 | 0.002 | 20.72 | 0 | 20.69 | 0.001 |
2019 | 21.66 | 21.233 | 0.020 | 21.36 | 0.014 | 21.663 | 0 | |
平均相对误差 | - | - | 0.011 | - | 0.007 | - | 0.001 |
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