
Research on the Relationship between Water Resources Utilization and Economic and Social Development in Central China
Tian GAO, Xiao-li YANG
Research on the Relationship between Water Resources Utilization and Economic and Social Development in Central China
The central region is an important economic hub in our country, but the problem of “central collapse” makes its sustainable development lack of power. In order to explore the relationship between resources and social and economic development in the context of high-quality development, this paper takes the five development concepts as the baseline layer to construct the green development index, which is taken as the expected output, and uses the SBM model to calculate the water resource utilization efficiency in the central region from 2003 to 2018. Finally, the Tapio decoupling model is used to explore the relationship between social and economic development and water resources in central China at different stages. The results show that the interannual fluctuation of water footprint in the central region is obvious, reaching the maximum value of 683.54 billion m³ in 2015. The green development index of all provinces showed a steady upward trend, and the spatial difference was the least in 2008. The mean value of water resource utilization efficiency in the central region reached the peak in 2006, and Shanxi and Hubei reached the highest value. The decoupling relationship between water resources and economic and social development gradually improved over time, indicating that water resources utilization in central China gradually met the requirements of high-quality development of the country. This paper has certain guiding significance for the high quality development of the central region.
water footprint / SBM model / entropy method / green development index / Tapio decoupling model {{custom_keyword}} /
Tab.1 Green development index system表1 绿色发展指标体系 |
基准层 | 指标层 | 指标性质 |
---|---|---|
创新发展 | R&D人员全时当量 | + |
R&D经费支出 | + | |
专利授权数 | + | |
科技市场成交额 | + | |
协调发展 | GDP | + |
第三产业就业人口数比重 | + | |
城镇居民人均可支配收入 | + | |
城镇登记失业率 | - | |
65岁及以上人口占比 | + | |
性别差异度 | - | |
绿色发展 | 电力消耗量 | + |
天然气消费量 | + | |
用水量 | + | |
SO2排放量 | - | |
工业固体废弃物排放量 | - | |
废水排放量 | - | |
环境污染投资占GDP比重 | + | |
开放发展 | 外商直接投资 | + |
进出口总额 | + | |
共享发展 | 社会保障和就业财政支出 | + |
每万人拥有公共交通车辆 | + | |
城市用水普及率 | + | |
人均拥有绿地面积 | + |
Tab.2 Classification of decoupling relationship between green development index and water resource表2 绿色发展指数与水资源脱钩关系类型划分 |
| | | 脱钩状态 |
---|---|---|---|
[0,0.8) | + | + | 弱脱钩 |
(-∞,0) | - | + | 强脱钩 |
[1.2,+∞) | - | - | 衰退脱钩 |
[1.2,+∞) | + | + | 扩张性负脱钩 |
(-∞,0) | + | - | 强负脱钩 |
[0,0.8) | - | - | 弱负脱钩 |
[0.8,1.2) | + | + | 增长连接 |
[0.8,1.2) | - | - | 衰退连接 |
Tab.3 Virtual water content of various crops表 3 各种作物虚拟水含量 |
作物名称 | 稻谷 | 小麦 | 玉米 | 豆类 | 茶叶 | 甘蔗 | 牛肉 | 猪肉 | 羊肉 | 牛奶 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虚拟水含量/(m³·t-1) | 1 321 | 690 | 801 | 2 617 | 11 110 | 117 | 12 560 | 2 211 | 5 202 | 1 000 |
作物名称 | 蛋类 | 禽肉 | 薯类 | 油料 | 棉花 | 蔬菜 | 水产品 | 烟叶 | 甜菜 | 水果 |
虚拟水含量/(m³·t-1) | 3 550 | 3 652 | 810 | 1 820 | 5 740 | 100 | 5 000 | 1 866 | 171 | 1 152 |
Fig. 4 Change trend of water resource use efficiency in central China from 2003 to 2018图4 2003-2018中部地区水资源利用效率变化趋势 |
Tab.4 Water resource utilization efficiency in central China from 2003 to 2018表 4 2003-2018年中部地区水资源利用效率 |
年份 | 山西 | 安徽 | 江西 | 河南 | 湖北 | 湖南 | 中部地区均值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 1.000 | 0.797 | 0.922 | 0.740 | 0.777 | 0.767 | 0.834 |
2004 | 0.874 | 0.728 | 0.796 | 0.721 | 0.704 | 0.750 | 0.762 |
2005 | 0.832 | 0.712 | 0.764 | 0.689 | 0.707 | 0.702 | 0.734 |
2006 | 0.758 | 0.719 | 0.735 | 0.688 | 0.713 | 0.702 | 0.719 |
2007 | 0.800 | 0.731 | 0.763 | 0.693 | 0.719 | 0.711 | 0.736 |
2008 | 0.808 | 0.732 | 0.760 | 0.694 | 0.722 | 0.712 | 0.738 |
2009 | 0.811 | 0.733 | 0.760 | 0.696 | 0.722 | 0.715 | 0.740 |
2010 | 0.826 | 0.733 | 0.754 | 0.697 | 0.721 | 0.718 | 0.741 |
2011 | 0.830 | 0.740 | 0.756 | 0.698 | 0.725 | 0.721 | 0.745 |
2012 | 0.838 | 0.741 | 0.763 | 0.702 | 0.730 | 0.723 | 0.749 |
2013 | 0.848 | 0.750 | 0.763 | 0.704 | 0.735 | 0.726 | 0.754 |
2014 | 0.861 | 0.758 | 0.764 | 0.705 | 0.743 | 0.730 | 0.760 |
2015 | 0.872 | 0.762 | 0.769 | 0.707 | 0.749 | 0.736 | 0.766 |
2016 | 1.000 | 0.980 | 0.850 | 0.803 | 1.000 | 0.823 | 0.909 |
2017 | 0.946 | 0.785 | 0.792 | 0.726 | 0.772 | 0.754 | 0.796 |
2018 | 1.000 | 0.814 | 0.818 | 0.727 | 0.777 | 0.778 | 0.819 |
均值 | 0.869 | 0.763 | 0.783 | 0.712 | 0.751 | 0.736 | 0.769 |
Tab.5 Analysis of decoupling between green development index, water resource utilization efficiency and water footprint in central China from 2003 to 2018表5 2003-2018中部地区绿色发展指数与水资源利用效率、水足迹脱钩分析 |
阶段 | 类型 | 山西省 | 安徽省 | 江西省 | 河南省 | 湖北省 | 湖南省 | 中部地区 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1阶段 | 水资源利用效率 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 |
水足迹 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 增长连接 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
T2阶段 | 水资源利用效率 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 |
水足迹 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 增长连接 | 增长连接 | 弱脱钩 | |
T3阶段 | 水资源利用效率 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 |
水足迹 | 增长连接 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | |
T4阶段 | 水资源利用效率 | 增长连接 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 | 弱脱钩 |
水足迹 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 | 强脱钩 |
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