
Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Different Levels of Snowfall in Haihe River Basin from 1960 to 2016
Su LI, Bin LIU, Shu-qian WANG, Zhi-hong YAN, Dan XU
Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Different Levels of Snowfall in Haihe River Basin from 1960 to 2016
Under the context of global warming, to understand the response of snowfall to climate change, the double temperature threshold method is used in this paper to extract snowfall series, based on daily meteorological data from 43 meteorological stations in the Haihe River Basin from 1960 to 2016. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of snowfall are analyzed according to the snowfall levels as determined by the national meteorological departments. The results show that ① the snowfall at each meteorological station can be effectively estimated at annual scale through the snowfall identification index equation, for which the correlation coefficient in the periodic and verification periods is above 0.90 and the relative error is within ± 5%. ② In terms of the time distribution, the interannual variation of snowfall at different levels shows a less obvious decreasing trend, but the interannual variation trend of each geomorphic type area is different. ③ In terms of the spatial distribution, the meteorological stations in Taihang Mountain Area and plain areas show a decreasing trend, while those in Yanshan mountain area and coastal area show an increasing trend. ④ By analyzing the correlation between snowfall and temperature and the temperature at different levels of snowfalls, it is found that heavy snow and Blizzard are positively correlated with temperature, while moderate snow and light snow are negatively correlated with temperature, and the temperature of snowfalls in plain areas is the highest and the lowest in Yanshan mountain areas.
Haihe River Basin / spatial and temporal variation / snowfall identification / climate change {{custom_keyword}} /
Fig.4 Comparison of measured and estimated total snowfall in Haihe River Basin图4 海河流域实测总降雪量及估计总降雪量对比图 |
Tab.1 Evaluation index results of measured and estimated total snowfall from 1960 to 1979表1 1960-1979年实测总降雪量与估计总降雪量评价指标结果 |
分区 | 率定期1960-1969 | 验证期1970-1979 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
相关系数 | 相对误差/% | 相关系数 | 相对误差/% | |
太行山区 | 0.985 | -4.71 | 0.977 | -4.14 |
燕山山区 | 0.945 | -3.19 | 0.986 | -4.79 |
平原区 | 0.964 | -4.45 | 0.998 | -4.38 |
沿海区 | 0.978 | -3.18 | 0.987 | -4.46 |
Fig.5 Interannual variation trend of different levels of snowfall in Haihe River Basin from 1960 to 2016图5 1960-2016年海河流域不同级别降雪年际变化趋势图 |
Tab.2 Climatic tendency rate of snowfall amount and snowfall times of different grades of Haihe River Basin表2 海河流域各区域不同级别降雪量、降雪次数气候倾向率 |
区域 | 要素 | 气候倾向率/[mm·(10 a)-1] | 要素 | 气候倾向率/[次·(10 a)-1] |
---|---|---|---|---|
太行山区 | 小雪量 | -0.47* | 小雪次数 | -0.30* |
中雪量 | -0.94* | 中雪次数 | -0.25* | |
大雪量 | -0.97* | 大雪次数 | -0.14* | |
暴雪量 | -1.16* | 暴雪次数 | -0.07* | |
燕山山区 | 小雪量 | 0.06 | 小雪次数 | 0.14 |
中雪量 | 0.24 | 中雪次数 | 0.07 | |
大雪量 | 0.19 | 大雪次数 | 0.02 | |
暴雪量 | 0.32 | 暴雪次数 | 0.02 | |
平原区 | 小雪量 | -0.16 | 小雪次数 | -0.01 |
中雪量 | -0.05 | 中雪次数 | -0.01 | |
大雪量 | -0.20 | 大雪次数 | -0.02 | |
暴雪量 | -0.01 | 暴雪次数 | -0.01 | |
沿海区 | 小雪量 | -0.15 | 小雪次数 | 0.03 |
中雪量 | 0.15 | 中雪次数 | 0.04 | |
大雪量 | 0.00 | 大雪次数 | 0.00 | |
暴雪量 | 0.21 | 暴雪次数 | 0.01 |
Tab.3 Correlation between snowfall and temperature in Haihe River Basin表3 海河流域各级别降雪与温度的相关关系 |
各级别降雪 | 小雪 | 中雪 | 大雪 | 暴雪 |
---|---|---|---|---|
降雪量/mm | -0.14 | -0.07 | +0.06 | +0.004 |
次数/次 | -0.06 | -0.08 | +0.07 | +0.01 |
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