
An Analysis of Attribution of Runoff Attenuation in the Water Source Area of the Upper Fenhe River Based on Budyko Hypothesis
Bin-bin LIN, Ya-qiong ZHANG, Wei-wei GUO
An Analysis of Attribution of Runoff Attenuation in the Water Source Area of the Upper Fenhe River Based on Budyko Hypothesis
Over the past few decades, the runoff in the upper reaches of the Fenhe River has been severely attenuated. Against this phenomenon, the long-term trends of annual rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, and runoff from 1961 to 2016 are analyzed. According to the mutation analysis of the annual runoff, the study period is divided into two stages (base period and change period), the Choudhury-Yang formula based on Budyko’s hydro-thermal coupling balance theory is used to calculate the climatic elastic coefficient and the underlying surface elastic coefficient of the runoff in the basin. Attribution analysis of change in runoff is made. The results show that during 1961-2016, the runoff in the upstream water source area of the Fenhe River is significantly reduced, and the average annual runoff during the change-period is reduced by 35.5% compared with the base-period. The rainfall elasticity coefficient, potential evapotranspiration elasticity coefficient and underlying surface elasticity of runoff are 2.62, -1.62, -1.89; the underlying surface change caused by human activities is the main driving factor of runoff attenuation, with a contribution rate of 57.8%, followed by climate change, with a contribution rate of 42.2%: the decrease in rainfall contributed 39.7%, and the increase in average potential evapotranspiration contributed 2.5%. The large-scale soil and water conservation measures carried out in the upper reaches of the Fenhe River have not only reduced soil erosion and improved vegetation, but also increased actual evapotranspiration in the basin. In addition, the mining of coal has caused an increase in stratum fissures and surface subsidence, which has led to an increased rainfall infiltration, resulting in attenuation of runoff.
Upper Fenhe River / Budyko hypothesis / Choudhury-Yang formula / runoff attenuation / attribution analysis {{custom_keyword}} /
Tab.1 The value of R, P, E0 and n in base-period and change-period表1 基准期和变化期的参数统计表 (mm) |
参数 | R | P | E 0 |
---|---|---|---|
基准期(1961-1980) | 77.8 | 489.9 | 842.5 |
变化期(1981-2016) | 50.2 | 458.3 | 848.2 |
变化量(△) | -27.6 | -31.6 | 5.7 |
Tab.2 The characteristic and runoff elasticity coefficient of research area表2 研究区特征及径流弹性系数 |
1961-2016年长系列平均/mm | 径流弹性系数 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
降雨量(P) | 潜在蒸散发(E 0) | 径流深(R) | 干旱指数(E 0/P) | 下垫面参数 (n) | | | | |
469.6 | 846.2 | 60.1 | 1.8 | 1.98 | 2.62 | -1.62 | -1.89 |
Tab.3 Attribution analysis of runoff attenuation表3 径流变化归因分析 (mm) |
参数 | 基准期 | 变化期 | 变化量 | 驱动的径流变化量 | 贡献率/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
R | 77.8 | 50.2 | -27.6 | ||
P | 489.9 | 458.3 | -31.6 | -10.6 | 39.7 |
E 0 | 842.5 | 848.2 | 5.7 | -0.7 | 2.5 |
n | 1.827 | 2.096 | 0.269 | -15.4 | 57.8 |
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