
Characteristics of Heat Waves in China from 1961 to 2017 and Their Impacts on Vegetation
Ying-di JIANG, Wei-guang WANG, Jia WEI, Shan-lin TONG
Characteristics of Heat Waves in China from 1961 to 2017 and Their Impacts on Vegetation
Clarifying the characteristics of heat waves and their impacts on vegetation is essential for the development of industry and agriculture and the maintenance of the ecological environment.Based on the daily average temperature data of 712 meteorological stations in China and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, the heat wave event is defined with the excess heat factor as an indicator, and four indexes like the number of heat waves, maximum duration, frequency, and amplitude are selected. The indexes analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of heat wave events in 8 sub-regions of China from1961 to 2017, and uses Spearman rank correlation analysis to explore the impact of heat wave events on vegetation finally.The results show that the four heat wave indexes have increased significantly and have undergone abrupt changes in the 1990s and early 21th century. The number, maximum duration and frequency of heat waves in the Qinghai-Tibet region, western region and eastern region have large mean values and changing trends over the years. The mean and changing trends of heat wave amplitude show the characteristics of spatial change of north high and south low. Heat wave events have a significant impact on the growth of vegetation. Heat wave events in the southeast coast, eastern Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang have an inhibitory effect on vegetation growth, while in the western region, Qinghai-Tibet region and southwest China heat wave events have a more obvious promotion effect on vegetation growth.
excess heat factor / characteristics of heat waves / vegetation / NDVI {{custom_keyword}} /
Tab.1 Indexes that characterize the number, maximum duration, frequency and amplitude of heat waves表1 表征热浪次数、最长持续时间、频次和强度的指数 |
热浪指数 | 定义 |
---|---|
HWN | 热浪次数/次 |
HWD | 热浪事件的最长持续天数/d |
HWF | 热浪事件的持续天数/d |
HWA | 热浪事件中EHF最大的值/℃2 |
Fig.2 Time change trends of heat wave indexes in 8 sub-regions from 1961 to 2017图2 1961-2017年8个子区域热浪指数的时间变化趋势 |
Tab.2 Change trend coefficients and mutation points of heat wave indexex in each sub-region表2 各子区域热浪指数变化趋势系数及突变点 |
区域 | HWN | HWD | HWF | HWA | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
趋势系数/(次·a-1) | 突变点 | 趋势系数/(d·a-1) | 突变点 | 趋势系数/(d·a-1) | 突变点 | 趋势系数/(℃2·a-1) | 突变点 | |
中国 | 0.03 | 1998 | 0.08 | 1998 | 0.14 | 1998 | 0.12 | 1998 |
WAS | 0.03 | 1996 | 0.08 | 1996 | 0.15 | 1996 | 0.18 | 1996 |
EA | 0.03 | 1997 | 0.09 | 1998 | 0.18 | - | 0.22 | 1997 |
NE | 0.02 | - | 0.06 | - | 0.10 | - | 0.18 | - |
N | 0.01 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.07 | - | 0.08 | - |
C | 0.02 | 2000 | 0.06 | 2001 | 0.11 | 2001 | 0.07 | 2000 |
S | 0.03 | 1995 | 0.09 | 1995 | 0.17 | - | 0.06 | 1995 |
SW | 0.02 | - | 0.07 | 2003 | 0.13 | 2002 | 0.07 | - |
QT | 0.04 | 1994 | 0.13 | 1996 | 0.23 | 1997 | 0.17 | 1994 |
Tab.3 Correlation coefficient of heat wave indexes and NDVI in each sub-region表3 各子区域热浪指数与NDVI的相关系数 |
WAS | EA | NE | N | C | S | SW | QT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HWN | 0.73* | 0.50* | 0.41* | 0.35* | 0.42* | 0.35* | 0.62* | 0.70* |
HWD | 0.69* | 0.49* | 0.36* | 0.36* | 0.43* | 0.27 | 0.62* | 0.59* |
HWF | 0.73* | 0.53* | 0.40* | 0.35* | 0.43* | 0.33* | 0.63* | 0.68* |
HWA | 0.54* | 0.51* | 0.42* | 0.34* | 0.43* | 0.23 | 0.55* | 0.47* |
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