
Research on the Design Flood and Its Regional Composition in Henan Section of the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River
Xu CHENG, Xi-xia MA, Yao XIAO, Qian-li WANG
Research on the Design Flood and Its Regional Composition in Henan Section of the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River
The traditional design flood estimation method assumes that the flood peak and the flood volume are at the same frequency, without considering the correlation between the two flood characteristics. Furthermore, when the design flood region composition under a specific return period is estimated, although the traditional method is from the most unfavorable point of view, it is impossible to quantitatively describe the correlation between the floods in each subarea. Therefore, in this paper, Copula function is used to deduce the design flood peak and flood volume at different frequencies which consider the combined effects of flood peak and flood volume, and then obtains the design flood process at different frequencies. The marginal distribution of flood components in each area is established and the most suitable Copula function between components in each area and design section is preferred which consider the spatial correlation between each flood zone and Huayuankou section, and then explore the most likely design flood region composition. It shows that the design results obtained by considering the correlation between flood elements in this study are slightly higher than those deduced by traditional methods under the same return period. The method in this paper can qualitatively and quantitatively describe the design flood region composition in the study area so as to obtain the design flood results that consider both the correlation of flood characteristics and spatial correlation at the same time, which are more objective and more consistent with the actual situation of design flood region composition in the basin.
design flood / flood characteristics / flood region composition / Copula function / Huayuankou Hydrological Station {{custom_keyword}} /
Tab.1 The results of flood statistics characteristic value of Huayuankou Hydrological Station表1 花园口站洪水统计特征值成果 |
项目 | 均值 | Cv | Cs/Cv |
---|---|---|---|
Q/(m³·s-1) | 10 012.50 | 0.56 | 3 |
W 12/亿m³ | 54.45 | 0.41 | 3 |
Fig.3 Joint probability diagram of flood peak and flood volume at Huayuankou Station图3 花园口站洪峰流量和洪量联合频率分布图 |
Fig.4 Probability Diagram of Joint Return Period of Flood Peak and Flood Volume at Huayuankou Hydrological Station图4 花园口站洪峰和洪量联合重现期概率图 |
Tab.2 Design results of flood peak and flood volume of Huayuankou Hydrological Station表2 花园口水文站设计洪峰和洪量设计成果 |
频率/% | 重现期/a | 单变量方法 | 联合变量方法 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q/(m³·s-1) | W 12/亿m³ | Q/(m³·s-1) | W 12/亿m³ | ||
0.5 | 200 | 33 100 | 136.74 | 35 519 | 140.96 |
1 | 100 | 28 200 | 125.18 | 30 398 | 129.20 |
2 | 50 | 25 400 | 113.50 | 26 921 | 117.46 |
Tab.3 Results of flood statistics in Xiaolangdi and Xiao-hua interval表3 小浪底和小-花区间洪水统计参数 |
地区 | 项目 | 均值 | Cv | Cs |
---|---|---|---|---|
小浪底 | Q/(m³·s-1) | 10 000.56 | 0.52 | 1.56 |
W 12/(亿m³) | 47.05 | 0.40 | 1.20 | |
小-花区间 | Q/(m³·s-1) | 6 223.09 | 0.54 | 1.60 |
W 12/(亿m³) | 18.00 | 0.54 | 1.62 |
Tab.4 Estimation results of P-III distribution parameters in Huayuankou Hydrological Station, Xiaolangdi and Xiao-hua interval表4 花园口、小浪底以及小-花区间P-III型分布参数估计结果 |
参数 | 小浪底 | 小-花区间 | 花园口 |
---|---|---|---|
α | 2.78 | 1.52 | 2.64 |
β | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.07 |
a 0 | 15.68 | 6.00 | 18.15 |
Tab.5 Flood region composition results of Xiaolangdi and Huayuankou with the same frequency表5 小浪底与花园口同频率地区组成计算结果 |
频率/% | 花园口 | 小浪底 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Q/(m³·s-1) | W 12/亿m³ | Q/(m³·s-1) | W 12/亿m³ | |
0.5 | 45 519 | 140.96 | 33 606 | 125.29 |
1.0 | 30 398 | 129.20 | 30 520 | 115.75 |
2.0 | 26 921 | 117.46 | 27 371 | 105.92 |
Fig.6 Xiaolangdi and Xiao-Hua interval joint distribution function diagram and Xiaolangdi flood probability density diagram (P=2%)图6 小浪底和小-花区间联合分布函数图及小浪底洪量概率密度图(P=2%) |
Tab.6 The most likely flood region composition results of the design flood at Huayuankou Station表6 花园口站设计洪水最可能地区组成成果 |
花园口站频率/% | 花园口站设计值/亿m³ | 最可能地区组成/亿m³ | 小浪底所占比例/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|
小浪底 | 小-花区间 | |||
0.5 | 140.96 | 97.50 | 48.69 | 69.17 |
1.0 | 129.20 | 85.15 | 44.05 | 65.90 |
2.0 | 117.46 | 76.84 | 40.62 | 65.42 |
Tab.7 Design flood peak and flood volume results of Xiaolangdi dam site表7 小浪底坝址设计洪水洪峰、洪量成果 |
花园口站频率/% | 花园口站设计值/亿m³ | 小浪底洪量/亿m³ | 小浪底对应频率/% | 小浪底设计洪峰Q/(m³·s-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.5 | 140.96 | 97.50 | 1.92 | 24 566 |
1.0 | 129.20 | 85.15 | 3.44 | 21 043 |
2.0 | 117.46 | 76.84 | 5.76 | 18 853 |
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