
The Effect of the Modified Soil Media on the Performance of the Bioretention System
Ying-hui TANG, Yao CHEN, Shao-chun YUAN, Jia-yun ZHU, Zhen LIU
The Effect of the Modified Soil Media on the Performance of the Bioretention System
The performance of the bioretention system is significantly affected by the soil media characteristics. In order to standardize the gradation of packing soil media and then improve the construction level of bioretention facilities in Chongqing urban area, two types of traditional bioretention soil media (BSM1 and BSM2) are mixed with loamy sand and fine sand in a mass ratio of 1∶9, and sandy soil and fine sand in a mass ratio of 2∶8, respectively, combining the results of the soil background survey in Chongqing. And on this basis, vermiculite (Ver.), biochar (BC) and perlite (Per.) are added as modifiers into BSM1 and BSM2 in different mass ratios, which finally configurates 6 types of modified soil media. Furthermore, the hydraulic permeability and pollutants removal performance of bioretention system with different soil media are investigated. Results show that different soil media shows different initial hydraulic permeability coefficient and attenuation performance, among which, the hydraulic permeability of BSM2+8%Ver. soil medium changes in a stable range of 41~53 mm/h, while the permeability of BSM2+8%BC soil medium has the highest attenuated rate. All soil media show an effective removal performance in runoff pollutants, especially in suspended solids (SS), and the effluent turbidity can reach 10~16 NTU. The removal capacity of the bioretention columns packed with BSM1 and its modified groups in organic pollutants and nutrients are superior to the other columns. Finally, this paper considers the factors of soil medium decontamination capacity, hydraulic permeability and price, the comprehensive ranking of modified soil media using the projection pursuit method: BSM1+2%Ver. (0.60)>BSM1 (0.52)>BSM1+2%BC (0.41)>BSM1+2%Per. (0.40)>BSM2+8%Ver. (0.33)>BSM2+8%BC(0.23)>BSM2 (0.15)>BSM2+8%Per. (0.14).
bioretention / modified soil media / hydraulic permeability / runoff pollution control / projection pursuit {{custom_keyword}} /
Tab.1 Physical and chemical properties of the bioretention medium表1 填料理化性质 |
填料种类 | 有机质/% | TN/(mg·kg-1) | TP/(mg·kg-1) | 粒径范围/mm | 渗透系数/(mm·h-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
壤砂土 | 2.86 | 616.92 | 122.85 | ≤0.5 | 30 |
砂土 | 3.14 | 503.97 | 314.18 | ≤0.5 | 32 |
细砂 | 0.06 | 105.21 | 1.53 | ≤1.0 | 490 |
蛭石 | 0.14 | 207.41 | 5.10 | 1.0~2.0 | 1 160 |
生物炭 | 4.91 | 9 419.75 | 60.96 | 1.0~9.0 | 925 |
珍珠岩 | 0.09 | 103.70 | 1.86 | 1.5~5.0 | 1 204 |
Tab.2 Mass ratio of medium in each bioretention soil media表2 各介质土中填料的干重质量比 |
滤柱 | BSM1/% | BSM2/% | 蛭石/% | 生物炭/% | 珍珠岩/% | 介质土类型 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BR1 | 98 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | BSM1+2%Ver. |
BR2 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | BSM1+2%BC |
BR3 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | BSM1+2%Per. |
BR4 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | BSM1 |
BR5 | 0 | 92 | 8 | 0 | 0 | BSM2+8%Ver. |
BR6 | 0 | 92 | 0 | 8 | 0 | BSM2+8%BC |
BR7 | 0 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 8 | BSM2+8%Per. |
BR8 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | BSM2 |
Tab.3 Semi-synthetic stormwater quality表3 模拟径流雨水水质 |
污染物指标 | 目标浓度/(mg·L-1) | 来源 | 污染物指标 | 目标浓度/(mg·L-1) | 来源 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SS | 394 | 雨水塘底泥(粒径<1 mm) | NO3 --N | 2.10 | KNO3 |
COD | 319 | C6H12O6+C6H5NO2 | Cu | 0.13 | CuSO4 |
TP | 0.9 | KH2PO4 | Zn | 0.73 | ZnCl2 |
TN | 7.3 | NH4Cl+KNO3+C6H5NO2 | Cd | 0.05 | CdCl2 |
NH4 +-N | 4.0 | NH4Cl | Fe | 1.00 | FeCl3 |
Tab.4 Normalized value of comprehensive performance and ranking of soil media表4 介质土综合性能归一化值及综合得分 |
滤柱编号 | 介质土类型 | 去除率 | 渗透系数 | 填料单价 | 综合得分 | 排序 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NO3 --N | NH3-N | TN | TP | COD | ||||||
BR1 | BSM1+2%Ver. | 0.96 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.18 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 1 |
BR2 | BSM1+2%BC | 1.00 | 0.61 | 0.77 | 0.38 | 0.78 | 0.04 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 3 |
BR3 | BSM1+2%Per. | 0.58 | 0.54 | 0.42 | 0.77 | 0.89 | 0 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 4 |
BR4 | BSM1 | 0.87 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.18 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 2 |
BR5 | BSM2+8%Ver. | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.18 | 0.41 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 5 |
BR6 | BSM2+8%BC | 0.69 | 0.13 | 0 | 0.28 | 0.62 | 0.95 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 6 |
BR7 | BSM2+8%Per. | 0.59 | 0 | 0.03 | 0.84 | 0 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 8 |
BR8 | BSM2 | 0 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.84 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 7 |
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