
不同压力下新型地下灌水器流量及湿润锋变化
古俊飞, 马海燕, 徐立荣, 黄乾
不同压力下新型地下灌水器流量及湿润锋变化
Changes of Flow Rate and Wetting Front of New Type Underground Irrigator Under Different Pressure
为探究压力对地下滴灌管渗水性能的影响,针对一种新型地下灌水器进行了不同工作压力下(0.02~0.18 MPa)自由出流的水力性能测试及0.02 MPa、0.05 MPa 2种压力条件下的室内土箱入渗试验,分析灌水器变异系数、流态指数及灌水均匀度随压力的变化规律以及入渗湿润锋运移规律。结果表明:自由出流条件下,灌水器流量变异系数为0.01,压力与流量关系式为
In order to explore the influence of pressure on the seepage performance of underground drip irrigation pipes, hydraulic performance test of free flow under different working pressures (0.02~0.18 MPa) were conducted. Addtionally, the infiltration test of indoor soil box under two pressure conditions were carried out for a new type of underground irrigation pipe. The variation coefficient of irrigator, flow pattern index and irrigation uniformity with pressure and the migration law of infiltration wetting front were analyzed. The results show that under the condition of free discharge, the variation coefficient of discharge is 0.01. The relation between pressure and discharge is:
地下灌水器 / 不同压力 / 湿润锋 / 控制变量法 / 流量 / 水分运移 {{custom_keyword}} /
underground emitters / different pressure / wetting front / control variate / quantity of flow / moisture movement {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 自由出流试验水源及压力设置情况Tab.1 Seepage test water source and pressure setting |
渗流试验类型 | 试验介质 | 压力/MPa |
---|---|---|
自由出流试验 | 自来水(W1) | 0.02、0.03、0.04、0.05、0.06、0.07、0.08、0.09、0.10、0.11、0.12、0.13、0.14、0.15、0.16、0.17、0.18 |
表2 室内土箱入渗试验条件设置Tab.2 Water supply buried test condition setting |
压力/MPa | 试验介质 | 时间/min |
---|---|---|
0.02 | 0.01 g/mL胭脂红溶液 | 2,6,16,36,66,126,186,246,306 |
0.05 | 2,5,9,16,26,41,66,96,156,246,306 |
图7 0.02 MPa下单个滴头室内土箱入渗试验正、侧面湿润锋曲线Fig.7 Wetting front and side curves of 0.02 MPa infiltration test of an indoor soil box with a drop head |
图8 0.05 MPa下单个滴头室内土箱入渗试验正、侧面湿润锋曲线Fig.8 Wetting front and side curves of 0.05 MPa infiltration test of an indoor soil box with a drop head |
表3 湿润锋运移距离随时间变化拟合曲线系数Tab.3 Wetting front migration distance change with time fitting curve coefficient table |
运移距离 | a | b | R 2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.02 MPa正面 | 水平运移 | 4.716 58 | 0.357 51 | 0.987 15 |
向下运移 | 1.232 52 | 0.537 14 | 0.948 79 | |
向上运移 | 1.735 21 | 0.305 18 | 0.890 91 | |
0.02 MPa侧面 | 水平运移 | 2.737 58 | 0.436 84 | 0.994 13 |
向下运移 | 1.472 90 | 0.490 37 | 0.984 09 | |
向上运移 | 0.984 90 | 0.274 80 | 0.952 50 | |
0.05 MPa正面 | 水平运移 | 3.830 14 | 0.455 99 | 0.971 54 |
向下运移 | 1.966 81 | 0.471 70 | 0.979 78 | |
向上运移 | 1.946 78 | 0.339 39 | 0.969 64 | |
0.05 MPa侧面 | 水平运移 | 4.165 27 | 0.401 31 | 0.990 10 |
向下运移 | 1.729 31 | 0.492 37 | 0.979 84 | |
向上运移 | 2.929 02 | 0.251 91 | 0.925 55 |
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