从源头上根治农田残膜，解决干旱区棉田日益严重的“白色污染”问题，本文采用大田试验研究了5种处理方式：可降解地膜(BMF1-BMF2)，塑膜滴灌(MF)，裸地对照(CK),针对其保温保湿效果以及对棉花生长及产量情况的影响，探索在滴灌条件下可降解地膜代替原有的塑料地膜的应用效果。实验结果表明：可降解地膜覆盖可提高土壤温度，较CK处理5cm、10cm、15cm、20cm增温5.2-9.9%、4.8-9.6%、4.0-8.5%、3.2-7.2%；保持土壤含水率，较CK处理平均增湿0.6-0.13%；显著促进滴灌棉花前期生长，且增产效果显著，BMF2处理籽棉产量5262kg/hm2，较CK增产13.21%。此外可降解地膜还可自然降解，既减少残膜回收工序，又对土壤环境无不良影响，对于干旱区滴灌棉田根治“白色污染”有着重要的研究价值和应用前景。
Abstract
Effect a radical cure of farmland residual film, from the source to solve cotton fields in arid areas is becoming more and more serious "white pollution" problem, this paper adopts 5 kinds of processing methods: field experiment studied degradable mulch (BMF1 - BMF2), plastic film drip irrigation (MF), bare land control (CK), in view of its insulation moisturizing effect and influence on cotton growth and production situation, exploration under the condition of drip irrigation biodegradable plastic mulch film instead of the original application effect. The experimental results show that biodegradable mulch can increase soil temperature, which is 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 5.9-9.9%, 4.8-9.6%, 4.0-8.5%, 3.2-7.2%. Soil moisture content was maintained, and the average humidification was 0.6%-0.13%. It was significant to promote the early growth of drip irrigation cotton, and the effect of increase yield was significant, and the yield of the BMF2 was 5262kg/hm2, which was 13.21% higher than that of CK. Biodegradable film also can be natural degradation, both to reduce the residual film recycling process, and no adverse effects on the soil environment, for drip irrigation in arid areas cotton effect a radical cure of "white pollution" has important research value and application prospect.
关键词
滴灌 /
降解地膜 /
土壤温度 /
土壤湿度 /
棉花
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Key words
drip irrigation /
degradation plastic film /
soil temperature /
soil moisture /
cotton
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