为了揭示生物炭施用对节水灌溉稻田土壤N2O产生及排放的影响，本研究基于田间试验及微电极技术，分析了节水灌溉稻田土壤N2O浓度剖面分布对生物炭施用的响应。研究结果表明，在施肥后大部分时段，各处理稻田土壤N2O浓度自表层至下层呈现降低—增加—降低的趋势，在施肥后初期或后期会有所不同。蘖肥施用后中量生物炭施用（20 t/hm2）减少了节水灌溉稻田土壤剖面N2O浓度，穗肥施用后则相反。高量生物炭施用（40 t/hm2）增加了施肥后部分时段土壤剖面N2O浓度。淹水灌溉稻田土壤不同深度N2O浓度均显著高于控制灌溉稻田土壤。控制灌溉稻田N2O 排放增加主要与节水灌溉的无水层管理促进了土壤中产生的N2O排放有关。研究结果可为更加全面评价节水灌溉稻田的环境效应，实现稻田水土资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。
Abstract
In order to reveal the effect of biochar application on the production and emission of N2O from paddy fields under water-saving irrigation, the response of N2O concentration profile of paddy soil under water-saving irrigation to biochar application was analyzed based on field experiments and microelectrode technology in this study. The results showed that N2O concentration of paddy soil presented a decrease-increase-decrease trend from surface soil layer to subsoil during most of the periods after fertilization, and it would be different in the early or late stages after fertilization. Medium amount of biochar (20 t/hm2) input decreased N2O concentration in the paddy soil profile under water-saving irrigation after tillering fertilization, but the reverse was observed after panicle fertilization. High amount of biochar (40 t/hm2) input increased the N2O concentration in paddy soil profile during some periods after fertilization. The N2O concentration at different depths in flooding irrigation paddy field was significantly higher than that in controlled irrigated paddy field. The increase of N2O emission in controlled irrigated paddy fields was mainly related to the fact that the anhydrous layer management of water-saving irrigation promotes N2O emissions from the soil. The results can provide scientific basis for a more comprehensive evaluation of the environmental effects of water-saving irrigation paddy fields and the realization of sustainable utilization of water and soil resources in paddy fields.
关键词
控制灌溉 /
稻田 /
生物炭 /
N2O浓度剖面分布
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Key words
controlled irrigation /
paddy field /
biochar /
N2O concentration profile
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目( 51879076，51579070) ; 江苏省水利科技项目( 2018065) 。
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参考文献
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