我国水库传统的调度运行方式大多为防洪、兴利服务，较少考虑河流生态需求。水库的运行，改变了河道天然水文过程，对河流生态系统产生了较大胁迫，这将不利于河流水资源的可持续利用，因此，有必要对水库现行调度进行优化调整。选取嫩江干流尼尔基水库为研究对象，应用RVA法对水库下游河道生态需水以及水库现行调度方案运行对河流生态水文过程的影响进行了分析，建立了的生态调度模型，并提出了该工程调度的优化建议。

Traditional reservoir operation is mainly designed for water supply and/or flood control, ignoring ecological demand of the river. so that the natural hydrological process in the river has been changed, the ecosystem has been threatened, which will impact the maintainable use of the water resource. So it is necessary to adjust and optimize the traditional operation. Using RVA method, this paper analyzes the ecological water demand of the Nenjiang River and the influence to ecological flow in the river caused by the current operation of Nierj Reservoir, the ecological reservoir reoperation model is also established. then suggestions on optimizing the current operation of the reservoir are elaborated.