流域上下游间水生态保护补偿是实现流域上下游水资源可持续利用、和谐发展的有力保障。本文从投入和效益两个角度出发，建立了按利用江西鄱阳湖流域自产水产生的效益大小来分摊水生态保护投入的补偿标准计算方法，效益按不同的行业来计算，效益大小与利用总水量、不同行业用水比重、经济发展水平有关。补偿标准计算方法具有可操作性强、针对性强、体现公平性与合理性等特点，为长江下游对鄱阳湖流域或别的流域上下游间开展水生态保护补偿工作提供有益的借鉴与参考。

The water ecological protection compensation between upstream and downstream for a basin is the strong support of realizing the sustainable use of water resource and harmonious development for upstream and downstream for the basin. From investment and benefit, the compensation standard calculation method which shares water ecological protection investment is established by the benefit which come from the self-produced water of Poyang Lake basin in Jiangxi province. The benefit is calculated by different industry. The benefit is related to the total water quantity of utilization, the water utilization proportion of different industry and economic development level. The calculation method of compensation standard has the feather of strong operation, target and fair and reasonable. It can be referred for carrying out the compensation of water ecological protection of Poyang Lake basin from Changjiang downstream or between upstream and downstream of other basins.