由于大型机械冷却塔内部空间狭小，驱动风机的涡轮机应尽可能减小尺寸、提高效率。为此在结构方面设计出全椭圆形断面下端出水的特型蜗壳，大大减小了涡轮机径向尺寸。并结合传统蜗壳的设计理论推导出全椭圆蜗壳在稳态下的水力设计方法，通过实例设计与数值模拟分析可验证，特型蜗壳的流态模拟数据与设计工况的理论值相符，且水力损失仅有1.05%，涡轮机的整体效率可达88.25%，性能稳定。本文所设计的涡轮机因其结构小巧，可直接安装在冷却塔的内部，对现有电动风机冷却塔的节能改造具有广泛的应用前景。
Abstract
Due to the small space inside the large mechanical cooling tower, the fans driven by turbine should maximize to reduce the size and improve the efficiency. In this paper, a special type of spiral case with full elliptical cross section was designed, and water flowed out axially from the bottom .This design greatly reduced the radial size of the turbine. Combined with the design theory of the traditional spiral case, the hydraulic design method of the full elliptical spiral case under steady state was deduced. Through the instance design and analysis of numerical simulation, it could verify that the flow data of the special spiral case was consistent with the theoretical value of design conditions, and the hydraulic loss was only 1.05%, the whole turbine efficiency was up to 88.25%, the performance was stable. The turbine designed in this paper can be directly installed in the cooling tower because of its compact structure, so it has a broad application prospect for the energy saving of the existing electric fan cooling tower.
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