灌溉影响土壤微生物活动和作物根系生长，进而影响土壤CO2的产生和排放。为揭示亏缺灌溉夏玉米地土壤CO2的排放特征，于2015年6月～10月在西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院农田水分转化试验场，采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对夏玉米地土壤CO2排放进行了原位观测。试验设置三个处理，分别为充分灌溉（CK），亏水20%（T1）和亏水40%（T2）。结果表明：夏玉米地土壤CO2排放通量在播种后达到峰值并急剧下降至低谷，直到在灌水后出现短暂的次高峰期，随后一直维持在较低排放水平直到玉米收获。在灌水后，土壤CO2的排放通量表现为CK＞T1＞T2，且CK与T2，T1与T2处理间有显著差异（P＜0.05）。不同灌水水平下，夏玉米地土壤CO2排放通量与土壤充水孔隙率呈指数正相关关系，相关性达显著水平（P＜0.05）。亏缺灌溉在一定程度上抑制了土壤CO2的排放，土壤充水孔隙率低于50%时，CO2排放通量维持在较低水平，但当土壤充水孔隙率高于50%时，CO2排放通量随着土壤充水孔隙率的增加而有大幅度增加。该研究结果可为农田的节水减排提供参考。
Abstract
Irrigation can affect the production and emission of CO2 by affecting the life activities of the microorganisms in soils and the root growth of crops. In order to reveal the emission characteristics of CO2 of soils in summer maize under deficit irrigation, the experiment was carried out by using the method of static chamber/gas chromatography in situ observation of soil CO2 emission from summer maize under the transform of farmland moisture proving ground of China academy of the water-saving agriculture in arid of Northwest A & F University in June-October, 2015. Three treatments were contained in the experiment: sufficient irrigation (CK), deficit 20% of water (T1), deficit 40% of water (T2).The results showed that: The CO2 flux of soil in summer maize field reached the peak after sowing and dropped to a low level until it reached a short sub-peak after irrigation and then remained at a low level until corn harvested. The CO2 emission flux of soil was CK> T1> T2 after irrigation, and there was significant difference between CK and T2, T1 and T2 (P <0.05). Exponential positive correlations between CO2 fluxes and soil water-filled pore space (WFPS) were observed in summer maize under different irrigation levels and the correlation was significant (P<0.01).The results suggested that deficit irrigation inhibited CO2 emissions from soil in some extent , the CO2 emission flux was maintained at a low level when the soil water-filled pore space was less than 50%, but when the soil water-filled pore space was higher than 50%, the CO2 emission flux increases greatly with the increase of water-filled pore space. The study results can provide a reference of water conservation and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in farmland.
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