以清远市石坎河无资料小流域为研究区域，在采用综合单位线法和推理公式法得到100年一遇设计洪峰流量的基础上，建立了一个包含洪峰流量、高程、坡度、土壤类型、人口密度、土地利用类型6个指标的山洪灾害风险评价体系，借助GIS-AHP方法实现无资料小流域山洪灾害风险区划。结果表明：（1）石坎河流域内山洪灾害风险等级较高的区域集中在河流中下游和沿河200m范围内；（2）设计洪峰流量可以作为山洪灾害风险评价的重要指标；（3）集成GIS-AHP方法是无资料小流域进行山洪灾害风险区划有效且快速的方法。评价结果与流域实际情况吻合，可为全国绘制山洪灾害风险图提供借鉴。
Abstract
This paper calculated design peak discharge of 1% frequency flood in ShiKan River Basin of Qingyuan city using synthetic unit hydrograph and rational formula. Six assessment indexes were considered in order to establish flash flood risk assessment model, including design peak discharge, elevation, slope, soil type, density of population and land use types. GIS and AHP Integrated Method was applied to demarcate risk level in ungaged small basin. The results show that the higher risk area is concentrated in the midstream and downstream of the river and both sides of the 200m range; design peak discharge is an important index for flash flood risk assessment; GIS and AHP integrated method is effective and fast to assess the flash flood risk in ungaged small basin. The evaluation results coincide with the actual situation of the basin, which could provide reference for risk mapping of flash flood in China.
基金
国家自然科学基金项目( 5137922) ; 广东省水利科技创新项目( #2016-19) 的部分资助。
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