探索南疆绿洲区土壤盐渍化产生机制,对盐碱地开发和改良具有重要意义。通过室内土柱模拟试验,开展了砂质壤土不同土壤容重(1.3、1.4、1.5g/cm3)和矿化度(0.5、1.5、3.2、8.1、21.2g/kg)组合的毛管水上升试验。结果表明,毛管水上升高度随时间的延长而增加,但增幅随时间的延长而减小;相同矿化度下,随土壤容重的增加毛管水上升高度减小;当土壤容重为1.3~1.4g/cm3时,1.5g/L的矿化度毛管水上升高度最大,当土壤容重增加到1.5g/cm3时,0.5g/L的矿化度毛管水上升高度最大。土壤容重为1.3g/cm3时毛管水上升高度随时间呈幂函数关系,土壤容重为1.5g/cm3时满足指数函数关系。相同矿化度下毛管水上升速率随土壤容重的增加而减小。毛管水湿润峰边缘盐分出现积累,积盐率累随矿化度和入渗时间的增加而增大。研究结果可为南疆绿洲盐渍化土壤改良提供参考。
Abstract
Exploring the mechanism of soil salinization in southern oasis area is of great significance for the development and improvement of saline land. In this paper,the characteristics of capillary water upward movement are studied in the homogeneous sandy loam soil through indoor experiments of soil pillar under the condition that the soil bulk density( 1.3,1.4,1.5 g /cm3) and total dissolved solids( TDS) ( 0.5、1.5、3.2、8.1、21.2 g /kg) were conduced. The results showed that the capillary water rise height increases with time,but the growth rate decreases with increasing time; capillary water rise height decreases as soil bulk density increases under the same TDS,the salinity of 1.5 g /
L of capillary water rise height maximum when the soil bulk density is 1.3~ 1.4 g /cm3,the soil bulk density for 1.5 g /cm3,salinity 0.5 g /L of capillary water rise height maximum; there is a power function relationship between the height of upward capillary water and time when soil bulk density is 1.3 g /cm3,but exponential function can be seen when soil bulk density is 1.5 g /cm3. Capillary water rise rate decreases as the soil bulk density increases under the same TDS. Soil salt content accumulated on capillary water wetted front,salt accumulation rate increases with TDS and infiltration time. The research results can provide references for the improvement of soil salinization in the oasis of Southern Xinjiang.
基金
中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/中国农业科学院农业
水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室( FIRI2016 -10 -
01) ; 中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项项目 ( FIRI2016-06)
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