为了探索蓝莓高效灌溉方式，设计了常规滴灌、覆膜滴灌、覆盖秸秆滴灌3种灌溉处理试验，研究不同滴灌方式对温室蓝莓叶绿素荧光特性及生长的影响。结果表明，与常规滴灌相比，覆膜滴灌和覆盖秸秆滴灌均能提高植株叶片PSⅡ潜在光化学活性(Fv/F0)、光能捕获效率(Fv′/Fm′)和实际光化学效率(Yield)，且后者的效果更为显著，但不同滴灌方式对蓝莓叶片非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)的影响较小；通过覆膜和覆盖秸秆处理，植株的根系活力明显升高，植株的根、茎与叶片的生物量也相应增加，并且覆膜和覆盖秸秆两个处理之间也存在较大的差异，后者对应的根和叶片的干重较前者分别高8.22%和16.97%。综合分析结果表明，覆盖秸秆滴灌更有利于改善蓝莓叶绿素荧光特性和促进蓝莓苗木的生长。
Abstract
To investigate the response mechanism of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and root activity of blueberry under different drip irrigation methods, and provide scientific basis for the efficient irrigation of blueberry. Through field experiment and comparative analysis, the effects of different drip irrigation methods on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, photosynthetic pigments and root activity of blueberry were studied. With 3 years old blueberry seedlings as experimental material, conventional drip irrigation, mulching film drip irrigation and mulching straw drip irrigation were designed. Compared with conventional drip irrigation, both the mulching film drip irrigation and mulching straw drip irrigation could improve the PSⅡpotential photochemical activity (Fv/F0), light capture efficiency (Fv′/Fm′) , actual photochemical efficiency (Yield) and photosynthetic pigment content of blueberry leaves, the treatment effects of latter is more obvious. The photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) of and root activity of plants with straw mulching increased significantly, however, there was no significant difference between the non photochemical quenching coefficients (NPQ) of different treatments. Besides, the biomass of roots, stems and leaves of the plants under the mulching film drip irrigation and mulching straw drip irrigation also increased, the dry weight of root and leaves of the latter was 8.22% and 16.97% heavier than that of the former, respectively. Drip irrigation with straw mulching is beneficial to improve the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and root activity, and it is more suitable for the growth of blueberry in greenhouse.
基金
吉林省科技发展计划项目 ( 20140520161JH，
20160412002XH) ; 吉林省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目( 2015022)
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