为寻找利于番茄高产高质的合理灌水施肥组合,在水肥一体化条件下,采用正交试验和模型预测探究不同灌水下限、施氮量、施钾量对番茄生长、产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明：提高灌水下限,可以增加茎粗和叶面积；大量施入氮肥不利于茎粗的增加,但对于增加番茄叶面积有促进作用；钾肥施入量对番茄茎粗、叶面积均无显著影响。在生育前期适当的增加灌水和减少氮肥施入量,有利于植株的生长。灌水下限、施氮量和施钾量均对番茄产量具有显著影响,且随灌水施肥量的增加,产量呈现先增加后减少的趋势。经评分法分析,W2N2K2水肥组合可以得到最优品质。通过模型精确预测,得出在灌水下限为76%,施氮量358.5kg/hm2,施钾量607.5kg/hm2时,产量最高、品质优,作物生长良好,预测产量为108.82t/hm2。

In order to find a reasonable combination of fertilization and fertilization for high yield and high quality of tomato, the effects of different irrigation limit, nitrogen application rate and potassium application rate on tomato growth, yield and quality were studied by orthogonal test and model prediction under the condition of water and fertilizer integration .The results showed that: Increasing the lower limit of irrigation can increase stem diameter and leaf area; A large amount of nitrogen fertilizer was not conducive to the increase of stem diameter, but it could promote the increase of tomato leaf area. Potassium fertilizer application had no significant effect on stem and leaf area of tomato. Appropriate increase in irrigation and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied are beneficial to the growth of plants in the vegetative growth stage. The lower limit of irrigation, the amount of nitrogen applied and the amount of potassium applied had significant effect on tomato yield, with the increase in irrigation and amount of fertilizer, yields increased first and then decreased. W2N2K2 combination of water and fertilizer can get the best quality analyzed by the score. Precise prediction by model, it was found that when the lower limit of irrigation was 76%, the upper limit was 100%, the amount of nitrogen applied was 358.5kg/hm2 and the amount of potassium was 607.5kg/hm2, there will be the highest yield, good quality, good crop growth. The predicted yield is 108.82t/hm2.