摘要：为探求绿洲区膜下滴灌对棉田蒸散过程的影响,通过对膜下滴灌棉田蒸散过程的连续监测,分析了棉田蒸散变化过程以及膜下滴灌对棉花生长指标的影响,为新疆绿洲区棉田灌溉制度提供理论依据。结果表明：苗期的蒸散强度较低,覆膜与不覆膜条件下的蒸散分别为2.84 mm/d、3.98 mm/d；蕾期的蒸散强度高于苗期,覆膜与不覆膜条件下的蒸散强度分别为4.48 mm/d、6.14 mm/d；花铃期的蒸散强度最高,覆膜与不覆膜条件下的蒸散强度分别为4.89 mm/d、6.65 mm/d；吐絮期的蒸散强度低于蕾期和花铃期而高于苗期,覆膜与不覆膜条件下的蒸散强度分别为3.61 mm/d、4.90 mm/d。苗末期至吐絮初期,膜下滴灌的总蒸散量为397.54 mm,不覆膜的总蒸散量为542.02 mm,覆膜使蒸散降低了26.65%。而且,覆膜条件下的棉花生长指标均优于不覆膜条件。综合分析：与不覆膜相比,膜下滴灌方式可降低绿洲区棉田蒸散强度,促进棉花生长。
Abstract
In order to explore the effect of drip irrigation under oatmeal on evapotranspiration in oasis,the effect of evapotranspiration and cotton drip irrigation on cotton growth is analyzed through continuous monitoring of evapotranspiration in sub-drip irrigation． The results show
that under drip irrigation conditions,the evapotranspiration intensity at seedling stage is 2．84 mm/d; the evapotranspiration intensity at bud stage is 4．48 mm/d; the evapotranspiration intensity at flower-boll stage is 4．89 mm/d; the evapotranspiration intensity at boll-opening stage
is 3．61 mm/d． The total evapotranspiration is 397．54 mm,the total evapotranspiration without coating is 542．02 mm,and the film evaporation was reduced by 26． 65%． Under the condition of film mulching,the growth index of cotton is better than that of non -film mulching．
Comprehensive analysis: Compared with no films,drip irrigation under mulch can reduce the evapotranspiration intensity and promote cotton growth in oasis area． The results can provide a theoretical basis for determining the irrigation system of drip irrigation cotton under oasis in
Xinjiang oasis．
关键词
关键词：绿洲棉田 /
膜下滴灌 /
蒸散过程 /
蒸渗仪
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基金
新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目( 2016AG014) ; 国家自
然科学基金项目( 41601579)
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