近年来，荷兰治水理念发生了颠覆性的变化，由持续了几个世纪的“与水争地”转变为今天的“还地于河”，还地于河计划于21世纪实施，成为新治水理念的工程代表。还地于河计划由34个子项目构成，主要工程措施分为9大类，主张水利工程建设与空间规划协调发展，最大限度兼顾防洪安全与空间品质提升，充分体现荷兰先进的治水理念和高超的工程技术。通过还地于河计划的实施背景介绍，典型案例分析，工程实践影响，探索新理念产生原因、理念内涵以及具体的工程设计特点，为我国治水理念创新和治水策略制定提供借鉴，最后总结荷兰还地于河计划实践对我国的启示，包括治水理念的由“争”到“让”；治水策略由“微观”到“宏观”的转变。

In recent years, the Dutch water control concept has undergone a subversive change. It has been transformed from the “water competition” that has lasted for centuries to today's “return to the river”. In the 21st century, it was implemented in the river plan and became a new water control. The Yuhe River Project consists of 34 sub-projects. The main engineering measures are divided into 9 categories. It advocates the coordinated development of water conservancy project construction and spatial planning, maximizing the flood control safety and space quality, and fully embodying the advanced Dutch water control concept and superb engineering technology. Through the background introduction of the implementation of the river plan, typical case analysis, engineering practice influences the reasons, concept connotation and specific engineering design features of the new concept, and provides a reference for the innovation of water control concept and water management strategy in China. Finally, it concludes the enlightenment of the Dutch implementation of room for the river, including the concept of water management from “contending” to “yielding”, the strategy of water management from “single” to “multiple”.