科学合理布设水质监测站点是加强南水北调中线工程对突发水污染事件监控，保障水质安全的重要手段。制定水质监测站点的布设方案受到监测效率与布设成本的约束，同时，监测仪器精度、污染物衰减特性的不确定性等问题也对布设方案产生影响。以中线工程京石段为研究对象，基于一维水质模型，以突发水污染事件漏报率最低、发现时间最短以及监测站点布设成本最小为目标函数，构建水质监测站点布设多目标优化模型对布设方案进行优化，同时结合监测仪器精度对目标函数的影响确定了最优布设方案，在此基础上，分析了污染物衰减特性对最优布设方案的影响。研究结果可为中线工程合理布设水质监测站点提供建议。
Abstract
The scientific and reasonable placement of water quality stations is a crucial method to ensure water quality safety in the South to North Water Transfer Mid-route Project. The placement for water quality stations is constrained by monitoring efficiency and deployment costs. Besides, the uncertainty of detecting precision and pollutant attenuation characteristics also affects the placement. This paper based on one-dimensional water quality model to build the multi-objective optimization model for placement, the objective function is the lowest misreporting rate, the shortest time of detection and the lowest cost. The Jing-Shi section as a research object. Then the optimal placement is determined by the influence of detecting precision on objective function. Based on this, the influence of pollutant attenuation on the optimal placement is analyzed. The results can provide suggestions for the rational placement of water quality stations in the South to North Water Transfer Mid-route Project.
关键词
南水北调中线 /
京石段 /
突发水污染事件 /
水质监测站点 /
优化布设
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Key words
South-to-North Water Transfer Mid-route Project /
Jing-Shi section /
sudden water contamination incident /
water quality station /
optimal placement
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基金
国家重点研发计划课题;国家自然科学基金资助项目;国家自然科学基金资助项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项
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