白洋淀流域水环境风险评估综述

任晓强1,管孝艳1,2,陶园1,2,袁晓渊3

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中国农村水利水电 ›› 2021 ›› (1) : 22-27.
水环境与水生态

白洋淀流域水环境风险评估综述

  • 任晓强1,管孝艳1,2,陶园1,2,袁晓渊3
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Review of Water Environment Risk Assessment in Baiyangdian Basin

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摘要

以白洋淀流域水污染问题为研究对象,对其水质现状风险源和风险因子等方面进行总结和分析,并运用层次分析法初步构建了白洋淀流域水环境风险评估体系框架。最后,基于已有白洋淀流域水环境污染研究进展,提出以后应进一步加强的地方:①加强白洋淀流域水环境综合风险评估研究,并使用数学模型来综合评判白洋淀流域水环境风险水平;②加强风险预警技术的研究。利用新兴的互联网技术构建风险预警模拟模型,对水环境风险实施精确预测,并制定相应的应急处理措施;③加强农村污染问题的研究和治理。围绕“农业-农村-农民”三方面开展治理工作,同时加快推进有关法律法规等政策的宣传和落实。

Abstract

By taking the water pollution of Baiyangdian basin as the research object, this paper summarizes and analyzes the current situation of water quality, risk sources and risk factors. The water environment risk assessment system framework of Baiyangdian Basin using AHP has been preliminarily constructed. Finally, based on the existing research on water environment pollution in Baiyangdian Basin, the following points should be further considered: ①Strengthen the comprehensive risk assessment of water environment in Baiyangdian Basin, and use the mathematical model to comprehensively evaluate the level of water environment risk in Baiyangdian basin. ②Strengthen the study of risk early warning technology. By using the emerging internet technology to build a risk early warning simulation model, accurately prediction of the risk of water environment would be done, and the corresponding emergency response measures would be proposed. ③Strengthen the study and control of rural pollution, carry out the governance work around the three aspects of “agriculture-rural-farmers”, and accelerate the publicity and implementation of relevant laws and regulations

关键词

白洋淀流域 / 风险源 / 风险因子 / 风险评估体系

Key words

Baiyangdian Basin / risk sources / risk factors / risk assessment system

基金

国家自然青年基金资助项目

引用本文

导出引用
任晓强1,管孝艳1,2,陶园1,2,袁晓渊3. 白洋淀流域水环境风险评估综述[J].中国农村水利水电, 2021(1): 22-27
. Review of Water Environment Risk Assessment in Baiyangdian Basin[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2021(1): 22-27

参考文献

(1)加强白洋淀流域水环境综合风险评估研究,并使用模糊综合评价模型或者相对风险模型(RRM)等数学模型来综合评判白洋淀流域水环境风险水平。由于以往白洋淀流域水环境风险评估研究大多针对单一的污染物进行评估,无法全面反映其水环境风险状况,所以应该全方位对风险源风险发生发展过程和风险因子等风险全要素进行综合分析评估,力求尽可能全面地反映白洋淀流域水环境风险。
(2)加强风险预警技术的研究。可以利用新兴的互联网技术如大数据平台和区块链等构建风险预警模拟模型,对水环境风险实施精确预测,并制定相应的应急处理措施。
(3)加强农村污染问题的研究和治理。自雄安新区建设以来,白洋淀流域工业污水等点源污染已得到有效治理,但是农业面源污染问题依旧比较严重。必须加快推进淀区周边农村污染治理工程,围绕“农业—农村—农民”三方面开展治理工作,强调淀区水环境和农民的切身利益相关,发挥农民的积极性,同时加快推进有关法律法规等政策的宣传和落实。围绕以政府主导,以农民主体的策略来开展工作。□
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