
基于平均联系数和三角模糊数的堤防干扰区生态健康评价
王诗韵, 董增川, 张璐, 贾晴雯, 徐伟, 陈左杰
基于平均联系数和三角模糊数的堤防干扰区生态健康评价
Ecological Health Evaluation of Dike Interference Area Based on Average Connection Number and Triangular Fuzzy Number
堤防工程是防洪减灾的有效手段,考虑到堤防工程建设中可能带来的水土流失等生态问题,进行生态健康评价对于生态修复目标确定有重要意义。建立了基于平均联系数的和三角模糊数的堤防干扰区生态健康评价模型,将基于离散值的联系数和基于连续值的联系数耦合得到平均联系数,在优化后的联系数表达式中引入三角模糊数定量表示差异度系数,以描述相邻等级之间的模糊性。将该模型运用于黑龙江干流堤防的典型标段,结果表明:第5标段的生态健康状况最差,第1标段在堤防建设前后生态健康等级变化最大,而影响堤防生态健康的主要因子为有效土层厚度和植被覆盖率。该模型对类似水利工程建设干扰区的生态健康评价和生态修复指导具有推广应用价值。
Dike engineering is an effective method for flood control and disaster mitigation. Considering the potential ecological problems such as water loss and soil erosion brought by dike construction, the ecological health evaluation is of important significance to the determination of ecological restoration objectives. Based on the average connection number and triangular fuzzy number, an ecological health evaluation model in dike interference area is proposed. The average connection number is obtained by coupling the connection number based on the discrete value and the connection number dependent on the continuous value. In the optimized connection number expression, triangular fuzzy number is introduced to quantitatively express the difference coefficient, so as to describe the fuzziness between adjacent grades. The application of the proposed model in the typical dike bid sections in the main stream of Amur River shows that the ecological health condition in section 5 is the worst, and the ecological health condition after dike construction in section 1 displays the most evident changes. In addition, effective soil thickness and vegetation coverage rate are the main influencing factors. The model is valuable for popularized application in the ecological health evaluation and ecological restoration guidance on the interference area of the similar water conservancy project construction.
平均联系数 / 三角模糊数 / 生态健康评价 / 堤防干扰区 {{custom_keyword}} /
average connection number / triangular fuzzy number / ecological health evaluation / dike interference area {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 堤防干扰区生态健康评价标准Tab.1 Evaluation criteria of ecological health in dike interference area |
指标层 | 等级 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
很健康 | 健康 | 亚健康 | 不健康 | 病态 | |
X 1:有效土层厚度/cm | ≥100 | 100~80 | 80~60 | 60~30 | <30 |
X 2:植被覆盖率/% | ≥50 | 50~40 | 40~35 | 35~30 | <30 |
X 3:水土流失强度/(t·km-2·a-1) | <200 | 200~2 500 | 2 500~5 000 | 5 000~8 000 | ≥8 000 |
X 4:水质达标率/% | ≥80 | 80~70 | 70~50 | 50~25 | <25 |
X 5:空气达标率/d | ≥340 | 340~330 | 330~300 | 300~250 | <250 |
表2 黑龙江干流典型标段概况Tab.2 Overview of the typical dike bid sections in the main stream of Amur River |
标段 | 位置 | 气候带 | 取土场设置 | 有无溃口 |
---|---|---|---|---|
第一标段 | 上游 | 寒温带大陆性季风气候 | 堤内 | 无 |
第二标段 | 中游 | 寒温带大陆性气候 | 堤内 | 无 |
第三标段 | 堤内 | 无 | ||
第四标段 | 中温带大陆性气候 | 肇兴堤防取土场在堤外 | 有 | |
第五标段 | 下游 | 抚远镇堤防取土场在堤外 | 无 |
表3 堤防干扰区生态健康评价结果Tab.3 Evaluation results of ecological health in dike interference area |
标段 | 年份 | 平均联系数表达式 | 评价等级 | 期望E | 方差D | 排序 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1标段 | 2014 | u=0.418 7+0.360 4i 1 +0.130 6i 2 +0.090 3i 3 | [1.420 8,1.629 9] | 1.525 3 | 0.003 6 | 1 |
2015 | u=0.104 2+0.286 4i 1 +0.180 3i 2 +0.169 0i 3 | [2.515 2,2.833 1] | 2.674 1 | 0.008 4 | 3 | |
2016 | u=0.133 5+0.395 2i 1 +0.163 8i 2 +0.072 9i 3 | [2.252 7,2.568 7] | 2.410 7 | 0.008 3 | 2 | |
第2标段 | 2014 | u=0.326 5+0.395 2i 1 +0.151 4i 2 +0.095 1i 3 | [1.886 4,2.207 3] | 2.046 8 | 0.008 6 | 1 |
2015 | u=-0.080 0+0.262 6i 1 +0.044 3i 2 +0.151 4i 3 | [2.934 1,3.163 3] | 3.048 7 | 0.004 4 | 3 | |
2016 | u=-0.037 7+0.259 2i 1 +0.040 8i 2 +0.186 7i 3 | [2.881 2,3.124 6] | 3.002 9 | 0.004 9 | 2 | |
第3标段 | 2014 | u=0.271 7+0.395 2i 1 +0.174 6i 2 +0.095 1i 3 | [1.990 2,2.322 7] | 2.156 5 | 0.009 2 | 1 |
2015 | u=-0.070 9+0.259 2i 1 +0.041 4i 2 +0.154 1i 3 | [2.881 2,3.124 6] | 3.002 9 | 0.004 9 | 3 | |
2016 | u=-0.003 6+0.259 2i 1 +0.067 4i 2 +0.193 1i 3 | [2.811 1,3.070 9] | 2.941 0 | 0.005 6 | 2 | |
第4标段 | 2014 | u=0.039 6+0.259 2i 1 +0.071 2i 2 +0.199 4i 3 | [2.728 4,2.993 3] | 2.860 9 | 0.005 8 | 1 |
2015 | u=-0.108 1+0.259 2i 1 +0.035 5i 2 +0.111 0i 3 | [2.966 6,3.169 4] | 3.068 0 | 0.003 4 | 3 | |
2016 | u=-0.078 1+0.259 2i 1 +0.033 1i 2 +0.138 7i 3 | [2.927 9,3.143 4] | 3.035 6 | 0.003 9 | 2 | |
第5标段 | 2014 | u=-0.008 0+0.261 6i 1 +0.071 2i 2 +0.154 0i 3 | [2.786 8,3.030 2] | 2.908 5 | 0.004 9 | 1 |
2015 | u=-0.151 8+0.259 9i 1 +0.035 5i 2 +0.068 0i 3 | [3.020 8,3.202 5] | 3.111 6 | 0.002 7 | 3 | |
2016 | u=-0.115 6+0.259 2i 1 +0.032 5i 2 +0.100 6i 3 | [2.974 4,3.170 6] | 3.072 5 | 0.003 2 | 2 |
表4 堤防干扰区各指标的减法集对势分析Tab.4 Subtraction set pair potential analysis of each index in dike interference area |
标段 | 年份 | X 1 | X 2 | X 3 | X 4 | X 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1标段 | 2014 | -0.225 | 0.875 | 0.192 | 0.875 | 0.875 |
偏反势 | 偏同势 | 均势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2015 | -0.925 | -0.350 | 0.176 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 偏反势 | 均势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2016 | -0.906 | -0.227 | 0.182 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 偏反势 | 均势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
第2标段 | 2014 | -0.389 | 0.554 | 0.558 | 0.875 | 0.875 |
偏反势 | 偏同势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2015 | -0.959 | -0.897 | 0.528 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2016 | -0.940 | -0.875 | 0.540 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
第3标段 | 2014 | -0.514 | 0.393 | 0.577 | 0.875 | 0.875 |
偏反势 | 偏反势 | 偏反势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2015 | -0.969 | -0.888 | 0.538 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2016 | -0.930 | -0.790 | 0.542 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
第4标段 | 2014 | -0.625 | -0.906 | 0.596 | 0.875 | 0.875 |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2015 | -0.944 | -0.949 | 0.558 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2016 | -0.930 | -0.930 | 0.565 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
第5标段 | 2014 | -0.625 | -0.954 | 0.596 | 0.875 | 0.875 |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2015 | -0.969 | -0.978 | 0.558 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 | ||
2016 | -0.940 | -0.964 | 0.567 | 0.875 | 0.875 | |
反势 | 反势 | 偏同势 | 同势 | 同势 |
表5 两种方法评价结果对比Tab.5 Comparison of evaluation results of the two methods |
标段 | 年份 | 平均联系数评价方法 | 模糊物元评价方法 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
评价等级 | 期望E | 综合指数 | 评价等级 | ||
第1标段 | 2014 | [1.420 8,1.629 9] | 1.525 3 | 0.860 9 | Ⅱ |
2015 | [2.515 2,2.833 1] | 2.674 1 | 0.689 1 | Ⅲ | |
2016 | [2.252 7,2.568 7] | 2.410 7 | 0.723 6 | Ⅱ | |
第2标段 | 2014 | [1.886 4,2.207 3] | 2.046 8 | 0.742 3 | Ⅱ |
2015 | [2.934 1,3.163 3] | 3.048 7 | 0.580 4 | Ⅲ | |
2016 | [2.881 2,3.124 6] | 3.002 9 | 0.609 4 | Ⅲ | |
第3标段 | 2014 | [1.990 2,2.322 7] | 2.156 5 | 0.782 4 | Ⅱ |
2015 | [2.881 2,3.124 6] | 3.002 9 | 0.642 7 | Ⅲ | |
2016 | [2.811 1,3.070 9] | 2.941 0 | 0.674 8 | Ⅲ | |
第4标段 | 2014 | [2.728 4,2.993 3] | 2.860 9 | 0.746 1 | Ⅱ |
2015 | [2.966 6,3.169 4] | 3.068 9 | 0.513 5 | Ⅲ | |
2016 | [2.927 9,3.143 4] | 3.035 6 | 0.539 2 | Ⅲ | |
第5标段 | 2014 | [2.786 8,3.030 2] | 2.908 5 | 0.552 0 | Ⅲ |
2015 | [3.020 8,3.202 5] | 3.111 6 | 0.489 6 | Ⅲ | |
2016 | [2.974 4,3.170 6] | 3.072 5 | 0.514 1 | Ⅲ |
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