为研究沂蒙山水土流失治理区，气候及植被覆盖变化影响下，水资源转化规律，以蒙阴县岸堤水库控制流域为研究对象，采用归一化植被指数（NDVI）为指标，分析植被覆盖的时空变化规律，采用分布式水文模型SWAT研究流域水文要素的时空演变规律，定量分析地表水与地下水转化量。计算结果表明：2000-2016年，流域NDVI呈增大趋势，其中2007-2009年，NDVI显著增大；空间上，84%的流域面积NDVI都呈现增加趋势。SWAT模型模拟效果较好，1990-2016年，流域平均降水量611.96 mm，径流量225.96 mm，地表径流量126.07 mm，基流量72.07 mm，潜水补给量119.52 mm。径流量中，地表径流占55%，基流量占27%，壤中流占18%。潜水的补给中，地表水量仅占5%左右，主要补给水源为降水。在气候条件与地表植被覆盖条件的综合影响下，2006年前后地表径流减少22%，地表水向地下水转化量减少，地下水向地表水转化量增多。研究成果可为沂蒙山区水资源的合理开发利用、水土流失治理提供理论依据和技术支撑。
Abstract
In order to study the law of water resources transformation in the Yimeng Mountain water and soil loss control area, which is under the influence of climate and vegetation cover, the Andi Reservoir Watershed is selected as the research object. The normalized vegetation index (NDVI) is used as an indicator to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of the vegetation cover. Distributed hydrological model SWAT is used to study the spatiotemporal evolution of hydrological elements, and analyze of surface water and groundwater conversion. The results show that, from 2000 to 2016, the NDVI of the watershed showed an increasing trend, of which NDVI increased significantly from 2007 to 2009.Spatially, 84% of the watershed area showed an increasing trend. The SWAT model has a good simulation effect. From 1990 to 2016, the average rainfall was 611.96 mm, the runoff was 225.96 mm, the surface runoff was 126.07 mm, the base flow was 72.07 mm, and the phreatic water recharge was 119.52 mm in the watershed. For the runoff, surface runoff accounts for 55%, base flow accounts for 27%, and subsurface runoff accounts for 18%. For the phreatic water recharge, the surface water contributes only about 5%, and the main recharge source is precipitation. Under the combined influence of climatic conditions and surface vegetation cover conditions, surface runoff decreased by 22% around 2006, the conversion of surface water to groundwater decreased, and the conversion of groundwater to surface water increased. The research results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the rational development and utilization of water resources and the control of soil erosion in the Yimeng Mountain Area.
关键词
SWAT模型；沂蒙山；NDVI /
地表水与地下水 /
转化规律
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Key words
SWAT model /
Yimeng Mountain /
NDVI /
surface water and groundwater /
conversion law
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