
南水北调中线工程沿线地区用水空间竞合关系研究
刘占坤, 路祥翼, 陈军, 吴雅诗
南水北调中线工程沿线地区用水空间竞合关系研究
Research on Spatial Competition and Cooperation of Water Use along the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project
基于2003-2015年南水北调中线工程沿线124个县级市的面板数据,采用莫兰指数和空间计量模型分析了南水北调中线工程沿线城市的用水空间关联特征和用水竞合关系。结果表明,南水北调中线工程沿线城市总用水在空间上呈现“多点集聚、局部扩散”的特征;工程实施后,相邻地区之间的用水竞争关系减弱,经济发达地区之间激烈的水资源竞争关系转变为用水合作关系;局部来看,工程实施后,河南省省内经济关联较强的地区之间用水竞争加剧,而京津冀地区内用水竞争减弱,北京与关联地区用水呈现合作关系。以大城市为中心,对中心城市周边地区依照经济人口规模实行水资源的梯次配置,是改善水资源空间利用方式、提高水资源配置效率的重要举措。
Based on the panel data of 124 county-level cities along the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project from 2003 to 2015, Moran index and spatial econometric model are used to analyze the spatial correlation characteristics and water consumption competition of cities along the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. The results show that the urban total water demand along the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is characterized by “multi-point agglomeration and local diffusion.” After the implementation of the project, the water competition between adjacent areas weakened, and the fierce water resources competition between economically developed areas changed into water cooperation. Locally, after the implementation of the project, the competition for water use between regions with strong economic ties in Henan Province intensified, while the competition for water use in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region weakened, and Beijing and related regions showed a cooperative relationship in water use. Taking big cities as the center, it is an important measure to improve the spatial utilization of water resources and the efficiency of water resources allocation to implement the cascade allocation of water resources in the surrounding areas of central cities according to the scale of economic population.
南水北调中线工程 / 用水空间关联 / 用水竞合关系 / 莫兰指数 / 空间计量模型 {{custom_keyword}} /
middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project / spatial correlation of water use / competition and cooperation of water use / Moran index / spatial econometric model {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 2015年总用水莫兰指数Tab.1 Moran’I of total water consumption (2015) |
年份 | 全局莫兰指数 | |
---|---|---|
邻接权重矩阵 | 经济地理权重矩阵 | |
2003 | 0.141 9** | 0.928 8*** |
2004 | 0.217 0*** | 1.048 1*** |
2005 2006 | 0.215 4*** 0.225 0*** | 1.048 1*** 1.050 9*** |
2007 | 0.199 8*** | 0.992 5*** |
2008 | 0.205 5*** | 1.045 9*** |
2009 | 0.228 5*** | 1.111 8*** |
2010 | 0.109 7* | 0.669 1*** |
2011 | 0.101 2 | 0.626 9*** |
2012 | 0.086 7 | 0.560 6*** |
2013 | 0.078 7 | 0.528 3*** |
2014 | 0.074 4 | 0.516 1*** |
2015 | 0.069 1 | 0.468 4*** |
图3 邻接矩阵南水北调工程竞合关系空间分布Fig.3 Spatial distribution of coopetition in the early and late stages of the Project (adjacency) |
表1 机组额定工况下地下厂房内部监测结果Tab.1 Internal monitoring results of underground powerhouse under rated working conditions |
指标 | 层室 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
发电机层 | 母线层 | 励磁变层 | 水轮机层 | 蜗壳层 | |
温度/℃ | 16.9 | 18.6 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 18.8 |
湿度/% | 61.5 | 54.5 | 52.5 | 52.8 | 58.8 |
PM2.5/(µg·m-3) | 42.0 | 40.3 | 40.2 | 40.3 | 40.3 |
风速/(m·s-1) | 0.52 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.13 |
O2浓度/% | 20.6 | 20.6 | 20.5 | 20.6 | 20.5 |
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