
考虑生态灌溉需求的梯级水电站群多目标优化调度研究
王娟, 王冉旋, 王奕, 马志贵, 胡新源, 钟平安
考虑生态灌溉需求的梯级水电站群多目标优化调度研究
Multi-objective Optimal Operation of Cascade Hydropower Stations Considering Ecological and Irrigation Demands
综合考虑灌溉、防洪、生态、发电目标建立梯级水电站群多目标联合优化调度模型,以发电效益最大为优化目标,将农业灌溉、生态流量、防洪目标转化为硬性约束条件,采用改进的差分进化算法求解模型。引入灌溉用水计划倍比系数,通过多情景模拟,分析灌溉、发电目标之间的竞争关系和置换率,揭示多目标之间的效益置换机理和水电站群联合优化调度增益机制。结果表明:①梯级发电量和发电效益较实际调度分别增加4.32%和4.30%;②梯级总发电量和灌溉供水量之间存在明显的竞争关系,两者的置换率为0.084 5 kWh/m3;③随着灌溉用水计划倍比系数的减小,通过调整联合优化调度策略,利用上下游电站之间水量、水头的置换实现了梯级整体效益的最大化。
Considering irrigation, flood control, ecology and power generation, a multi-objective joint optimal operation model was established in this study. Maximizing power generation benefit of cascade hydropower stations was selected as the optimization objective, the agricultural irrigation, ecological flow and flood control objectives were transformed into solid constraints, and the improved differential evolution algorithm is used to solve the model. This paper introduced the scaling coefficient of irrigation water plan, analyzed the competition relationship and replacement rate between irrigation and power generation objectives through multi-scenario simulation, and revealed the benefit replacement mechanism between multiple objectives and the gain mechanism of joint optimal operation of hydropower stations. The results show that: ① Compared with the actual operation, the total power generation and benefit increase by 4.32% and 4.30% respectively. ② An obvious competitive relationship exists between the total power generation and irrigation water supply, and the replacement rate is 0.0845 kWh/m3; ③ With the decrease of the scaling coefficient, the adjustment of the joint optimal operation strategy realizes the maximum overall benefits of the cascade through the replacement of water volume and water head between upstream and downstream power stations.
梯级水电站群 / 生态灌溉需求 / 多目标优化 / 差分进化算法 / 非劣解集 {{custom_keyword}} /
cascade hydropower stations / ecological irrigation demand / multi-objective optimization / differential evolution algorithm / non-inferior solutions {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 D灌区和E灌区生态或灌溉用水计划表Tab.1 Ecological or irrigation water plan of irrigation areas D and E |
月份 | 生态或农业灌溉用水/(m3·s-1) | 月份 | 生态或农业灌溉用水/(m3·s-1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
D灌区 | E灌区 | D灌区 | E灌区 | ||
1 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 7 | 50.0 | 145 |
2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 8 | 50.0 | 145 |
3 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 9 | 28.0 | 100 |
4 | 15.0 | 80 | 10 | 18.0 | 100 |
5 | 37.0 | 120 | 11 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
6 | 50.0 | 145 | 12 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
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