为揭示黄河上游水沙演变规律及其驱动因素，根据黄河上游3个代表水文站长时间序列资料，均值差异 T 法、双累积曲线分析法、小波分析法等方法对其多年水沙变化的特征进行了分析研究。结果表明，黄河上游三个代表站1960-2019年径流量和输沙量均呈现出下降趋势；黄河上游唐乃亥、兰州和头道拐站三站年径流量突变年份分别为1989年1985年和1985年，年输沙量突变年份分别为1989、1999和1985年；运用小波分析得出径流量存在9~16 a为主周期的变化，输沙量存在11~16 a为主周期的变化的规律；黄河上游三站的输沙量的累积减沙量大约为1.07亿、11亿、16.39 亿t，减沙量沿程上升；径流泥沙演变规律受降水和人类活动等因素的影响，而人类活动对水沙变异起重要作用。

In order to reveal the variation law and driving factors of runoff and sediments in the upper reaches of the Yellow River， according to the time series data of three representative hydrological stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow River， average difference T methods， double cumulative curve method， wavelet analysis， cumulative slope rate change rate method and other methods are used to analyze and study the characteristics of runoff and sediment change in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The results show that the runoff and sediment discharge of the three representative stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow River showed a decreasing trend from 1960 to 2019. The annual runoff at Tangnaihai Station， Lanzhou Station and Toudaoguai Station in the upper reaches of the Yellow River havean abrupt change in 1989， 1985 and 1985， and the annual sediment load of the three stations abrupt change in 1989， 1999 and 1985. Wavelet analysis is used to find that runoff has a main cycle of 9~16 a， and sediment discharge has a main cycle of 11~16 a. The cumulative sediment reduction of the three stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow River is about 107 million t，1.1 billion t and 1.639 billion t， respectively， and the sediment reduction increased along the river. The variation law of runoff and sediment is influenced by precipitation and human activities， and human activities play an important role in the variation of water and sediment.