
平原河道闸坝群洪水资源联合调度研究
张涛, 张灵真, 乔友刚, 任传栋
平原河道闸坝群洪水资源联合调度研究
Research on the Flood Resources Joint Operation of the Sluice Dam Group in the Plain River
以鲁北平原河道徒骇河为例进行梯级闸坝群洪水资源联合调度。考虑蓄洪控制水位、蓄水时机、生态流量、洪水利用率等约束条件在退洪阶段蓄洪,洪水调度分为敞泄、控泄两个典型阶段;以区间洪水源汇项作为过程输入,河道洪水演进过程采用一维水动力学法模拟,底孔出流水闸、溢流橡胶坝的闸坝开度过程分别采用闸孔出流、堰流公式按迭代法计算。模拟结果标明:偏枯年、平水年、偏丰年典型场次洪水的闸坝调蓄洪量分别为0.746、0.804、0.841亿m3,洪水量级越大则闸坝蓄满率越高,平水年、偏丰年闸坝基本能蓄满;泄流均不小于生态流量,未形成人造洪峰。
Taking Tuhai River in north Shandong plain as an example to carry out flood resources joint regulation of sluice and dam group. Storge runoff during flood withdrawal considers control level, storage opportunity, ecological flow, and source use rate constraints. Flood regulation includes opening and controlling two discharge stages, using one-dimensional hydrodynamic method to simulate flood routing, using gate outlet and weir formula by iteration to calculate the opening process of the sluice and rubber dam. The results show that regulation storage in dry, normal and rainy year is respectively 74.6, 80.4 and 84.1million m3, the full storage rate will be higher with flood magnitude increasing, and the storage is basically full in normal and rainy years, the discharge meets ecological base flow with no artificial flood peak.
闸坝群 / 联合蓄水调度 / 一维水动力学 / 闸坝开度控制 {{custom_keyword}} /
sluice dam group / joint water storage regulation / one dimensional hydrodynamics / gate opening control {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 闸坝水位、生态流量控制参数及调算结果Tab.1 Adjust result and control parameters of water level and ecological flow |
闸坝 | 控制参数 | 末时水位调算结果 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
设计蓄水位/m | 设计排涝水位/m | 闸上控制水位/m | 汛期平均流量/(m3·s-1) | 生态控制流量/(m3·s-1) | 198507 号洪水 | 198407 号洪水 | 197307 号洪水 | |
远庙闸 | 43.25 | 43.35 | 43.25 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 42.40 | 42.98 | 41.78 |
马集闸 | 42.97 | 42.97 | 42.97 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 41.45 | 42.97 | 41.05 |
华营闸 | 38.20 | 38.15 | 38.15 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 35.70 | 37.44 | 38.16 |
杨庄闸 | 37.00 | 36.60 | 36.60 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 33.91 | 35.24 | 35.60 |
郑庄橡胶坝 | 36.30 | 35.60 | 35.60 | 3.9 | 1.6 | 33.61 | 33.95 | 35.60 |
王堤口闸 | 33.64 | 33.64 | 33.64 | 6.3 | 2.5 | 31.91 | 33.64 | 33.65 |
昌东橡胶坝 | 31.70 | 31.10 | 31.10 | 9.5 | 3.8 | 31.10 | 31.10 | 31.10 |
北城橡胶坝 | 31.65 | 30.25 | 30.25 | 11.0 | 4.4 | 27.09 | 29.11 | 29.06 |
博平闸 | 30.50 | 29.10 | 29.10 | 13.3 | 5.3 | 27.08 | 29.10 | 29.10 |
陶桥闸 | 27.70 | 27.92 | 27.70 | 13.5 | 5.4 | 26.63 | 27.70 | 27.71 |
刘桥闸 | 24.77 | 24.77 | 24.77 | 16.0 | 6.4 | 24.06 | 24.77 | 24.77 |
南营闸 | 20.52 | 20.63 | 20.52 | 25.4 | 7.6 | 20.52 | 20.52 | 20.52 |
梁桥橡胶坝 | 19.20 | 19.00 | 19.00 | 25.9 | 7.8 | 19.00 | 19.00 | 19.00 |
宫家闸 | 17.10 | 17.68 | 17.10 | 26.4 | 7.9 | 17.03 | 17.12 | 17.04 |
营子闸 | 14.30 | 15.12 | 14.30 | 38.1 | 11.4 | 14.30 | 14.30 | 14.30 |
樊桥闸 | 10.80 | 10.80 | 10.80 | 42.1 | 12.6 | 9.85 | 10.81 | 10.80 |
廿里堡闸 | 5.60 | 7.04 | 5.60 | 49.3 | 14.8 | 5.60 | 5.60 | 5.60 |
坝上闸 | 3.60 | 4.92 | 3.60 | 50.0 | 15.0 | 3.60 | 3.60 | 3.60 |
沾化橡胶坝 | 2.70 | 4.32 | 2.70 | 50.0 | 15.0 | 2.70 | 2.70 | 2.70 |
图3 198407号洪水典型溢流坝、底孔闸闸下流量过程Fig.3 Flow process under typical overflow dam and bottom sluice on 198407 flood |
图4 198407号洪水典型溢流坝、底孔闸闸上及闸下水位过程Fig.4 Level process above and below typical overflow dam and bottom sluice on 198407 flood |
表2 典型洪水调算结果Tab.2 Typical flood adjust result |
洪水 | 初始水量/亿m3 | 输入洪量/亿m3 | 输出水量/亿m3 | 总蓄水量/亿m3 | 调蓄洪量/亿m3 | 洪水资源利用率/% | 库容利用率/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
198507 | 0.308 | 1.271 | 0.526 | 1.054 | 0.746 | 58.6 | 81.0 |
198407 | 0.308 | 1.564 | 0.760 | 1.112 | 0.804 | 51.4 | 94.7 |
197307 | 0.308 | 2.330 | 1.489 | 1.149 | 0.841 | 36.1 | 95.9 |
表3 洪水末时模拟与实测闸坝蓄水位对照Tab.3 Comparison between simulated and measured water level at last stage flood |
闸坝 | 198507号洪水 | 198407号洪水 | 197307号洪水 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
实测蓄水位/m | 模拟蓄水位/m | 增加蓄水量/万m3 | 实测蓄水位/m | 模拟蓄水位/m | 增加蓄水量/万m3 | 实测蓄水位/m | 模拟蓄水位/m | 增加蓄水量/万m3 | |
刘桥闸 | 23.29 | 24.06 | 114 | 21.79 | 24.77 | 356 | 21.66 | 24.77 | 357 |
宫家闸 | 15.62 | 17.03 | 233 | 16.04 | 17.12 | 184 | 15.56 | 17.04 | 244 |
堡集闸 | 4.25 | 5.60 | 370 | 3.88 | 5.60 | 433 | 2.98 | 5.60 | 523 |
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