
胶凝砂砾石坝极端暴雨响应研究
郭磊, 张金凤, 郭利霞, 申伟平, 郭宇航
胶凝砂砾石坝极端暴雨响应研究
Research on the Response of CSG Dam to Extreme Rainstorms
暴雨往往引发超标准洪水,使坝体承受较大的不利外荷载,影响工程安全运行。对于胶凝砂砾石坝,水位暴涨对坝体应力影响极大,为了研究水位变化引起的坝体响应,采用Fluent软件对暴雨洪水入库过程进行模拟,获取水库水位上升直至漫顶溢流时的水位历时变化过程,基于胶凝砂砾石材料特性建立其损伤本构模型,进行不同水位历时变化下的坝体受力损伤特征分析,结果表明:①在设计工况下,胶凝砂砾石坝在上游坝踵处承受拉应力最大,在下游坝趾处承受压应力最大,坝体中部位移量最大,且在坝体与坝基接触面处承受较大的不利应力,坝体无损伤特征;②暴雨历时过程中,水位增大,坝体超载,坝体位移量和坝趾处压应力逐渐增大,而坝踵处拉应力过大导致材料性能劣化而损伤;③暴雨过后,胶凝砂砾石坝的主要破坏方式为拉裂破坏,破坏区域主要集中在坝踵处。
Rainstorm often trigger floods that exceed the standard, causing the dam body to bear greater unfavorable external loads and affecting the safe operation of the project. For cemented sand gravel dam (CSG dam), the surge in the water level has a great impact on the stress of the dam body. In order to study the response of the dam body caused by the change of the water level and to obtain the change process of the reservoir water level rising to the overflow of the reservoir, fluent software is used to simulate the process of flood entering the reservoir, and the damage constitutive model is established based on the material properties of the cemented sand gravel, and the characteristics of the dam body’s mechanical damage are analyzed under different water level changes. The results show that: ① Under design conditions, the CSG dam bears the greatest tensile stress at the upstream dam heel, and bears the largest compressive stress at the downstream dam toe, and the dam has the largest displacement in the middle of the dam, the contact surface between the body and the dam foundation bears relatively large unfavorable stress, the dam has no characteristics of damage; ② During the rainstorm, the water level increases, the dam body is overloaded, the displacement of the dam body and the compressive stress at the toe of the dam gradually increase, excessive tensile stress at the heel of the dam leads to deterioration of material properties and damage; ③ After the rainstorm, the main damage mode of CSG dam is tensile failure, and the damage area is mainly concentrated at the heel of the dam.
胶凝砂砾石 / 极端暴雨 / 坝体响应 / 损伤 {{custom_keyword}} /
cemented sand gravel / extreme rainstorm / dam body response / damage {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 计算参数Tab.1 Calculation parameters |
材料 | 未损伤弹性模量/GPa | 泊松比 | 密度/(kg·m-3) | 轴心抗压强度/(N·mm-2) | 轴心抗拉强度/(N·mm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
坝体胶凝砂砾石材料 | 10 | 0.2 | 2 300 | 10.00 | 1.27 |
坝基 | 15 | 0.2 | 2 500 | 16.70 | 1.78 |
图5 胶凝砂砾石坝不同历时应力云图(t=0 s,单位:Pa)Fig.5 Stress nephogram of CSG dam with different durations (t=0 s) |
图6 胶凝砂砾石坝不同历时应力云图(t=20 s,单位:Pa)Fig.6 Stress nephogram of CSG dam with different durations (t=20 s) |
图7 胶凝砂砾石坝不同历时应力云图(t=40 s,单位:Pa)Fig.7 Stress nephogram of CSG dam with different durations (t=40 s) |
图8 胶凝砂砾石坝不同历时应力云图(t=60 s,单位:Pa)Fig.8 Stress nephogram of CSG dam with different durations (t=60 s) |
图9 胶凝砂砾石坝不同历时应力云图(t=80 s,单位:Pa)Fig.9 Stress nephogram of CSG dam with different durations (t=80 s) |
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