基于光合特性的作物生长模型在盐渍农田的适用性分析与评价

中国农村水利水电 ›› 2018 ›› (12) : 1-7.

宋一潇¹,黄介生¹,曾文治²,雷国庆¹,朱姜旭¹

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Applicability Analysis and Evaluation of Sunflower Growth Model Based on Photosynthetic Characteristics in Saline Fields

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摘要

为探索盐分和施氮量对作物光合特性及干物质累积的定量影响，本文以向日葵为研究对象，开展了不同盐分和施氮量处理的大田实验，分别使用高斯积分和群体光合积分公式量化了冠层每日总光合同化量，建立向日葵光合作用干物质累积模型，并对其模型精度进行了分析和评价。结果表明：（1）土壤盐分抑制了向日葵的净光合速率（Pn）和气孔导度（Gs），但增施氮肥能够在一定程度上缓解盐分对Pn和Gs的胁迫；（2）向日葵干物质累积量随土壤盐分的增加而减少，随施氮量的增加而增加，增施氮肥使轻、中、重度盐渍土壤的向日葵干物质累积量分别增长4.7%、12.6%和20.1%；（3）土壤盐分水平是作物生长的重要胁迫因素，基于光合作用的干物质模型模拟精度均随着土壤盐分的升高而降低；（4）群体光合积分模型（GIM）对盐渍农田向日葵干物质累积量的模拟精度高于高斯积分模型（PPIM）（RRMSEGIM>RRMSEPPIM）。本研究所建立的光合作用干物质累积模型在一定条件下能够准确的预测盐渍农田向日葵干物质累积量，其中所建立的PPIM模型以及针对盐渍土壤提出的改进措施能够为盐渍土地区的作物生长模拟和水肥管理提供技术支持，有助于促进粮食增产和农业的可持续发展。

Abstract

In order to explore the quantitative effects of salinity and nitrogen application on photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation (DMA) of crops, field experiments of sunflower were carried out under different soil salinity and nitrogen application in this study. The two estimation models using Gaussian integration (GIM) and population photosynthetic integration methods (PPIM) respectively for sunflower DM production were established, the accuracy of the two models were analyzed and evaluated using experimental measured values. The results showed: (1) Soil salinity inhibited the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of sunflower, while adding nitrogen fertilizer to some extent alleviated the stress on Pn and Gs; (2) The DM production of sunflower was gradually decreased with the soil salinity increase, although DM production increased with the nitrogen application increase, compared with N1(180 kg/hm2) treatment, the DMA was increased by 4.7%, 12.6% and 20.1% of three salinity levels under N2(270 kg/hm2); (3) The estimation accuracy of DM production models decreases with the soil salinity increase; (4) Compared with the GIM model, the PPIM model has a higher simulation precision to estimate DM production of sunflower in salinity farmland (RRMSEGIM>RRMSEPPIM), which could provide a reference for crop growth simulation, irrigation and fertilization management in salinity area.

基金

考虑补偿效应的盐渍农田作物水氮吸收规律研究与模拟;区域排盐工程模式优化与灌排协同调控

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宋一潇黄介生曾文治雷国庆朱姜旭. 基于光合特性的作物生长模型在盐渍农田的适用性分析与评价[J].中国农村水利水电, 2018(12): 1-7

. Applicability Analysis and Evaluation of Sunflower Growth Model Based on Photosynthetic Characteristics in Saline Fields[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2018(12): 1-7

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收稿日期	修订日期	出版日期
2018-07-19	2018-07-20	2018-12-15
发布日期
2019-12-11

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