雨量及降雨强度时空间分布的获得，需要高质量的雨量站网。以流域内雨量站构成第一个雨量站网，流域外边界附近和流域内的雨量站共同构成第二个雨量站网，对比分析两个站网的流域面雨量和子流域雨量的插值结果。结果表明，降雨量空间分布不均匀程度越高，两个站网插值出的流域面雨量和各子流域的雨量差异越大，尤其是边界附近的小流域；两个站网得到的流域面雨量相同，但子流域的降雨量可能差异很明显。通过本研究得出结论：在雨量站网规划和优化时，除了依据流域面雨量外，应考虑流域内子流域的雨量插值结果；应在流域边界附近布设一定数量的雨量站点。
Abstract
It is necessary for high－quality rain gauge network to acquire data on both rainfall depth and spatiotemporal variability of intensity
during rain events． The estimates of the mean areal rainfall across entire catchment and sub － basins interpolated by the two rain gauge
networks are compared． Ｒesults show that the difference between estimates from two rain gauge networks is depended by the spatial variability
of rainfall as that the difference become outstanding along with the spatial variability of rain increases，especially in the sub－basins near by
the divide． Despite the mean areal rainfall computed by two rain gauge networks are equal，the difference between the rainfalls of sub－basins
obtained from them may be very remarkable． It is concluded that besides the mean areal rainfall，the interpolated results of sub－basins should
be taken into account in planning and optimization of rain gauge networks and some rain gauges should be arranged nearby the basin divide．
关键词
雨量站网 /
子流域 /
降雨量 /
面雨量 /
雨量空间变化
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Key words
rain gauge network /
sub－basin /
rainfall /
mean areal rainfall /
spatial variability of rainfall
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基金
全国山洪灾害防治建设与管理 ( 中 央 本 级) 项 目
( JZ0145B2017) 。
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