In order to look for the better algorithms to preprocess the jujube’s leaf images, influence of 2 image denoising algorithms and 3 image segmentation algorithms on image analysis was discussed. Measured by MSE and PSNR, denoising effectiveness of median filtering is almost the same with average filtering’s, but the former was better. Otsu segmentation and iterative segmentation would be effective ways to separate leaf from background, and to remove highlight area. Leaf water content was significantly correlated with (G-R), H and G/R when the leaf image was preprocessed by average filtering and iterative segmentation. The correlation coefficient, R2, of linear regression model of leaf water content established by (G-R), H and G/R, touched 0.9652, and the significant level of F test is 0.0022 which implied that the model was good enough to estimate the leaf water content of jujube.

In order to explore the control measures of surface irrigation water temperature in solar greenhouse during wintering, this paper took the surface water of Xiaodongchuan River as a research object in the solar greenhouse group of Xinyi Town, Lishi District, Shanxi Province. Based on tracking test data of air temperature outdoor, surface river temperature and media temperature of river bed, the change characteristics of river surface water temperature and its causes were analyzed by means of heat transfer. The results showed that the change trend of water temperature was consistent with the change of air temperature during the non-freezing period and the freezing period, and the surface water temperature of the river has the daily variation of cosine law with the temperature. In the freezing period, the surface water temperature of the river was basically in the relatively stable state (-3.6 ℃ or so) and the water temperature was continues higher than air temperature. Heat supply of river sand pebble for surface river water, insulation effect of surface river ice sheet and thin layer of air and the specific heat of the different media were the key reason of the surface river water temperature variation. The surface water temperature of the river had a clear linear correlation with the temperature, and the correlation coefficient was above 0.9. The results could provide the basic parameters and basis for the regulation of irrigation water temperature in wintering greenhouse.

The soil water retention and poor fertilizer holding in the arid and desertification pasturing area, it was unfavorable to the growth of alfalfa. Chemical control materials such as SAP and PAM had good water retention and fertility conservation and could improve the soil structure. Therefore, through the study on the effects of different application rates of SAP, PAM and different application methods on the alfalfa growth in arid and pastoral area, the best plan was put forward to promote the growth and yield of alfalfa. The results showed that the combination of SAP and PAM increased the volumetric water content of 0~20 cm soil layer and promoted the growth of alfalfa. The yield and water use efficiency increased by 19.93 % and 35.67 % respectively. Regardless of input costs and other factors, 45 kg/hm2 of SAP complex with 30 kg/hm2 of PAM to promote yield and improve water use efficiency of the best.

The experiment designs two elements，the irrigation quota and the amount of the irrigation，for the growth of sand corn． The irrigation quota is set three levels，2 925，2 250 and 1 590 m3 /hm2 ． The nitrogen fertilizer is set four levels，including no nitrogen，125， 225 and 325 kg /hm2 ． The combination includes low water amount with four nitrogen levels of W3N0，W3N1，W3N2，W3N3，middle water amount with four nitrogen levels of W2N0，W2N1，W2N2，W2N3 and high water amount with four nitrogen levels of W1N0，W1N1，W1N2 and W1N3． The conclusion is that: when the soil is sandy，the irrigation water in the whole growth stage is 2 925 m3 /hm2 ，and the nitrogen content of 225 to 325 kg /hm2 is the most favorable for the growth of maize plant height，stem and leaf area; under the same fertilizer level， increasing irrigation water is beneficial to the uptake of nitrogen fertilizer，but the irrigation water is too large，which leads to the downward migration of soil nutrients; the proper ratio of water and fertilizer can make the production optimization; under W2N2 treatment，namely the irrigation water of the whole growth period of 2 250 m3 /hm2 and nitrogen application rate of 225 kg /hm2 ，the yield is the highest，water use efficiency is the largest，which is the suitable water fertilizer coupling threshold value range for the water-saving irrigation in local sand area

Under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching was one of new water-saving irrigation technology, it was began to use on rice production in recent years because of its water-saving, fertilizer-saving and temperature- increasing effect. With Kongyu131 as material, the effect of magnesium fertilizer on yield of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching in cold region was explicated with randomized design. The object was to provide theoretical basis and technical support for high-yield culture technique of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching in cold region. The main results were as follows: The application of magnesium fertilizer increased panicle length and panicle weight of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching. The application of magnesium fertilizer increased panicles per square meter and kernel setting rate of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching by 3.95% and 11.98% respectively. The application of magnesium fertilizer reduced grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching by 0.47% and 2.10% respectively. The application of magnesium fertilizer increased the yield of upland rice under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching.

In order to verify the dynamic change of root system under the condition of water storage pit irrigation，in this paper，soil moisture，soil temperature，soil depth and time are used as input factors，and root growth rate is used as the output factor to establish the prediction model with 4－9－1 topological structure based on the BP neural network． The results show that the average relative error between the simulated value and the measured value is 4．42%． The model has certain feasibility and application value，and can provide a new method for the study of root growth dynamics of apple trees under water storage pit irrigation．

Super Absorbent Polymer is a kind of compound with high polymer soil conservation, water retention and fertilizer protection. It has good water retention property. Through the mechanism of soil science, we can significantly reduce the density of soil and improve the structure and corrosion resistance of soil, so that it can play an important role in soil and water conservation. By using the comparative analysis of three kinds of Super Absorbent Polymer in different soil texture, different soil depth and depth under the condition of Super Absorbent Polymer change analysis and single factor variance regression, further to three kinds of Super Absorbent Polymer analysis and verification, find out 3 kinds of Super Absorbent Polymer of different points and try to reveal the use range, Paul water in the arid region of the characteristics and mechanism of water on soil improvement.The results show that: 1)the water retention performance in application of three kinds of saturated Super Absorbent Polymers（SAP）with time in different depth conditions significantly; 2) 3 kinds of Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) in sandy soils showed water retention and release ability better, water retention and release ability of water retention in the order of MP3005KCE > WT > HG-60; 3) in clay, 3) In the application of 3 kinds of Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) in the soil significantly increased soil moisture retention, water application layer and below the 10cm rate, the water retention property of each Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) in loam soil is better than that in sandy soil; 4) in clay, 3 kinds of Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) the water retention and water release performance of the lowest, suggesting that the reasons for the high viscosity of clay, after the water is easy to produce cracks and caking; 5) water in the depth of 5cm, the Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) on sand 0-5cm and 20-25cm soil moisture influence rate difference.

Aiming at the problem of irrigation water scarcity in arid regions of middle Ningxia，this paper studied the effect of different irrigation quota on yield and growth indexes of Lycium under the two planting modes: covering and uncovering，and the correlation analysis between the growth index and yield of Lycium under the same irrigation quota was analyzed． Under the condition of mulching and no-mulching planting，the irrigation quota was set up with 7 treatments and the single-factor random block design was adopted，each of treatment was treated with 3 repetitions and a total of 42 experimental plots were included． Taking goji 7 as study material，the influence of different irrigation quota treatments on the main index of growth，such as ground diameter，the crown of the plant，number of branches and index of yield were researched through the analysis of variance． The results show that: the growth index and yield increase with the increase of irrigation quota，but excessive irrigation water can affect the growth; when the irrigation quota is 1 620 m3 /hm2 ，both the yields of mulching and no mulching treatment reach the maximum，10 400． 7 and 9 923． 4 kg /hm2 ，respectively; under the same irrigation conditions，the yield of mulching treatment is higher than that of no -mulching treatment; mulching can effectively preserve soil moisture and increase the yield of Lycium barbarum; the correlation of ground width，crown diameter and branches number is significant，the correlation between branches number and yield is significant，while there was no significant correlation between ground width，crown diameter and yield． In summary，the treatment with irrigation quota of 1 620 m3 /hm2 and mulching planting is an optimal water-saving irrigation mode and worthy to be popularized and applied．

In order to further promote the reasonable application of super absorbent polymers in the agricultural production in arid areas，this study selects four kinds of super absorbent polymers( AA -AH，MP3005KCE，PAA，WT ) to analyze the water absorption and retention performance under different pressure，different solution and in the air． And the variance analysis and multiple comparisons are conducted． The results are as follows: ① the sequence of the water absorbing capacity of the four kinds of super absorbent polymers in deionized water and 0．9% NaCl aqueous solution from large to small is PAA，AA－AH，WT，KCE，the salt resistance of PAA super absorbent polymers is the best． ② the water absorption rate of the four kinds of super absorbent polymers in deionized water and 0．9% NaCl aqueous solution decreases with the increase of pressure，the sequence of compression resistance from large to small is AA－HA，MP3005KCE，WT，PAA， and the descend range in deionized water is more than that in 0．9% NaCl aqueous solution． ③ the water retention of the four kinds of super absorbent polymers in the air decreases with time and the sequence of water retention ability from large to small is PAA，AA－HA，KCE， WT． The study result provides a reference for the reasonable application of aquasorb in arid areas．

In order to improve the efficiency of agricultural water use and solve the water contradiction, we conducted a four-year winter wheat deficient irrigation experiment in Shaanxi Jinghuiqu Irrigation District from 2013 to 2016,which set up eight non-sufficient irrigation treatments and each treatment was repeated twice. By analyzing the effects of different irrigation treatments on the plant height, yield, water use efficiency and economic benefits of winter wheat under the different type of rainfall frequency, to determined a reasonable irrigating system and mode of winter wheat. Test results show that: irrigation at different growth stages had different effects on wheat growth and yield. Irrigation at greening stage, jointing stage and heading stage were all affected the growth and development of winter wheat, the effects of green irrigation was particularly significant. Irrigation at greening stage and filling stage were important periods which could affect winter wheat yield. And greening irrigation was also a key period to improve water use efficiency and economic benefits. Under the rainfall type of normal flow years and dry years, the optimal irrigation mode is irrigation at winter stage, jointing stage and grouting stage with the quota of 3600m3/hm2 when we pursue high yield. However, the optimal irrigation mode is irrigation at wintering stage and greening stage with the quota of 2550m3/hm2 when we considering factors such as yield, irrigation water use coefficient and economic benefits of water saving. So we certain the optimal irrigation mode is irrigation at wintering stage and greening stage in Jinghuiqu Irrigation District. The research results provided a feasible irrigation mode for the Jinghuiqu Irrigation District , and laid the foundation for further improvement of the deficient irrigation mode, which has a certain guiding significance for rational allocation of agricultural water in irrigation district.

This study aims to investigate the influence of drip irrigation and fertilizer on soil salinity of jujube fields in the south Xinjiang． The effects of water-fertilizer coupling on the distribution of soil conductivity are studied under surface drip irrigation． The results show that suitable irrigation quota and fertilization ratio can achieve the effect of soil desalination; the single factor effect of fertilization was higher than that of irrigation quota; the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on soil conductivity is significant; when the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer to potassium fertilizer reached 7 ∶ 3，the soil was obviously salification; the desalinization rate of treatment W4F4 is higher，thereby the water saving and salinity control effects are better．

According to the climatic characteristics of the Youjiang Ｒiver valley in Baise，Guangxi，a study on the irrigation system of mango in that area is carried out． By setting five kinds of irrigation quota，twenty kinds of irrigation time and times，no irrigation as the control group，a total of 26 kinds of irrigation treatments are carried out to compare the field mango irrigation system． The results show that in Youjiang Valley of Baise，the optimum irrigation quota of mango is about 1 500 m3 /hm2 ，the optimal irrigation time and times were 1 time at the autumn shoot shooting stage，1 time at flower bud differentiation stage，2 times at fruiting and flowering stage，2 times at period stage， and no irrigation at maturity． Compared with the no irrigation treatment，the yield of the best quota treatment is increased by 70．16%，the no embryo weight per fruit is increased by 13．28% on average，the normal fruit is increased by 7．94% on average，and the content of SS，TSS and VC is increased by 7．07%，19．08% and 18．77%，respectively，while the TA content is decreased by 24．23%． The yield of the best irrigation time and times treatment is increased by 57．93%，the no embryo weight per fruit is increased by 13．13%，the average fruit weight of normal fruit is increased by 6．84%，and the content of SS，TSS and VC is increased by 8．55%，13．71%，7．49%，respectively，while the TA content is decreased by 18．52%． The mango irrigation regimes developed in this paper can provide technical support for mango efficient water saving irrigation in Baise，Guangxi．

Multi-source remote sensing information fusion is a new technique for the comprehensive treatment and analysis of remote sensing information． Ｒemote sensing data fusion technology makes fused image has more data，higher spatial resolution． It also makes the integration of image data has more advantages as a data source in the soil moisture monitoring． In this paper，based on the soil moisture data and meteorological data of Zhengzhou City and the surrounding areas，using the method of the single-window model，combining the study area Landsat-ETM+ and SPOT images and their fusion image，the surface temperature is inverted out． The measured data of surface temperature and soil moisture of the study area is used to establish the regression models，thus figure out the soil moisture． According to the precision evaluation，it can found that the inversion effect of the integration of remote sensing data is better than that without the integration of remote sensing data．

Based on fluent software，a numerical simulation is carried out on the spray cooling system of a grape pergola． The results show that the relative error between the simulated values and measured values of air temperature and relative humidity under the grape pergola is 0．6% and 4．1%，respectively; the simulation results are in good agreement with the test results，which indicates that the established model has certain reliability and accuracy and the boundary conditions model is reasonable． From the temperature field simulation graph at different height of horizontal layer，it can be found that the flow field is gradient change in the horizontal and vertical direction; the farer the distance from the sprinkler，the slower the temperature changes; the farer the distance from the wind intake point，the lower the temperature． Due to the influence of the vines and the dry hot wind，the temperature field at the same level is significantly different on the two sides

The groundwater level in the coastal low plain area is shallow and has the problem of soil salinization. But the field drainage is the main method to solve this problem. And the field drainage usually takes the form of natural drainage or concrete drain. The slope of ecological bag slope protection is relatively small, which can save engineering land, but the effect of drainage and salt drainage is still to be analyzed and studied. Therefore, the experiment was carried out in the northern port area of Binhai new area of Tianjin as the research object, using salinity meter and drying method to carry out the sampling experiment of water content and salt content in the field soil of the drainage ditch of the ecological bag protection slope, and the effect of drainage and salt drainage was analyzed. Finally, the research shows that the drainage of the ecological bag slope drainage ditch can not only achieve the drainage effect of the natural drainage ditch, but also reduce the slope coefficient and reduce the land use while guaranteeing the drainage flow of irrigation.

Based on the investigation of the current status of corn planter in the Xi Liao river plain area of Inner Mongolia Province, a 2BD-2 type corn non film shallow drip irrigation planter suitable for local conditions was developed, The planter can complete ditching, fertilizing, take laying, sowing, covering soil and compacting the whole process at one time. The field test shows that the planter spacing control in 233mm～400mm, the walking speed control in 3.5km/h～4km/h, can be completed on the sown area of 4.2hm2～4.8hm2, the replay index ≤2%, missing seeding index ≤2%, the seeding efficiency and the effect is better.

According to the low irrigation water use efficiency and the poor automatic water saving irrigation equipment，the wireless precise irrigation system software is designed based on the combination of C# and Access database． The lower computer software implements the data acquisition，communicates with wireless module through the serial port and determines the driving mechanism according to the conditions． The data communication channel software is designed for the data transmission from the lower machine to the upper computer． The PC software design includes the welcome screen，logon interface，the administrator authentication interface，new user registration interface， system monitoring and host interface． The designed wireless precision irrigation system is friendly，simple and stable． It also provides a reference for the design of wireless precision irrigation system．

In this paper, based on Water saving and pollution reduction system of Irrigation and water conservancy has the characteristics of multi-attribute, multi-index，select 5 characteristic index evaluation and analysis such as the evaluation index in total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus, the TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation model was established, the weight of the evaluation index is determined to calculate the information entropy, comprehensive pollution reduction effect was evaluated using the optimal solution of Euclidean distance. The method is applied to Guilin city　Qingshitan irrigation district and Guangxi irrigation experiment station, the result is reasonable, and calculation is simple; it was Provide theoretical and practical basis for the reduction of agricultural non-point source pollution and the efficient utilization of water and fertilizer in Guangxi.

Owing to much retreating water in Qingtongxia Irrigation Distract, it is difficult to predict the retreating water. In this paper, according to the characteristics of water cycle in yellow river irrigation distract, different scenarios (different water-saving schemes) are set up based on SWAT model. The hydrological process in different irrigation modes is simulated. The quantitative effects of water cycle transformation in irrigation district are analyzed. The results show that: the parameters of model are generalized basically, and the process of discharge of gutter can be simulated. The mean annual results of working with SWAT model in Qingtongxia Irrigation Distract are simulated quantitatively: the amount of actual evapotranspiration is about 1.67 billion m3, the surface runoff into the Yellow River water is about 810 million m3, the groundwater recharge water of the Yellow River is about 1.1 billion m3, and the surface water infiltration recharge of underground water is about 1.9 billion m3. It provides technological support for the further development of water-saving irrigation in irrigation district.

The analysis of available water supply is an important base for the water resources optimal allocation． Considering the development status of water conservancy project in Qinzhou，the available water supply is analyzed from three aspects of coming water，water supply capacity and water demand． The available water supply analysis structure of is built． The simplified calculation method for available water supply in middle-sized and small-sized water storage engineering，water -diversion engineering and water -lifting engineering is analyzed emphatically． Through calculating the available water of four different coming water frequency in 2014，2020 and 2030 in Qinzhou，it can be concluded that the available water supply under 50% coming water frequency is 1．264，1．866 and 2．163 billion m3 ，respectively． Comparing with the water resources bulletin，it can be found that the calculation is reliable． The conclusion can be the base for water resources optimal allocation of Qinzhou．

Water-saving irrigation project optimal selection is a typical uncertain multiple attribute decision-making problem． This paper proposes a negative ideal projection method with the interval number of two parameters as decision -making information for water -saving irrigation project optimal selection． According to the projection size of the of decision scheme in the negative ideal solution，the schemes are sorted． The decision-making method embodies the principle that the decision-making plan is far away from the negative ideal solution and close to the ideal decision． Finally，the decision method proposed in this paper is applied to the investment decision of the water-saving irrigation project and the result shows the rationality of the decision making process． 

The shortage of water resources will become a major issue in the 21st Century． Water shortage will not only affect normal production and life，but also affect human survival． According to the relevant data of population，economy and water resources from 1996 to 2015 of Urumqi County，the population-economy-water resources evaluation index system for Urumqi county is established，the populationeconomy-water resource evaluation index，coupling degree and coupling degree index are calculated． And the correlation analysis is conducted． Then the population-economy-water resources development trend，the trend of the change degree and coupling coordination degree and correlation of Urumqi county in past 20 years are got． The results show that: ① In general，the comprehensive development level of population-economy-water resources of Urumqi county fluctuated in 1996 to 2015． It decreased slightly in 2015 with a decline range of 0．112 than that in 1996; ② From1996 to 2015，the pattern of the coupling coordination degree of population-economy-water resources of Urumqi county changed as the letter“W”with a wave-like decreasing trend; ③ The Comprehensive index ( T) shows a strong positive correlation with economy ( U2 ) and water resources ( U3 ) ，and is positively correlated with population( U1 ) ，but not significantly． Finally，according to the study results，combined with the relevant contents of“the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China”and the conditions of Urumqi County，the relevant suggestions for sustainable development are put forward．

Infiltration water quality is one of the main factors of soil water infiltration process, which is also the key to improve the calculation accuracy of using freshwater infiltration model to simulate saline water infiltration. One dimensional algebraic model is used to simulate soil moisture distribution of saline water infiltration. Based on the comparative analysis of simulation results, one dimensional algebraic model of freshwater infiltration is modified. The impact on the infiltration of soil water infiltration characteristics after saline water infiltration is attributed the results of soil porosity changes. One dimensional algebraic model saline water infiltration is established and verified. Validation results showed high accuracy compared with. The model facilitate describing soil water movement under saline water irrigation, which provides a new approach for forecasting predict soil moisture characteristics of saline water irrigation. Keywords: saline water, infiltration, one dimensional algebraic model; soil porosity

Water footprint is a new method to evaluate water resources utilization pattern and consumption pattern in a region． At present，it is a hot issue in the field of ecology． Based on the theory of water footprint，this paper calculates and analyses the virtual water content of the main crops and livestock products of Yutian County in 2015 from four aspects，including agriculture，forestry，animal husbandry and fishery． The results are as follows: ①The total amount of virtual water in Yutian County is wheat，which accounts for 28．35%，indicates that wheat is the main planting crop of Yutian County; ②The order of crops unit quality virtual water content from large to small is cotton，wheat， sunflower，alfalfa，corn，potato，grape，vegetable and fruit melon; ③the total grey water footprint of Yutian County is 6．68×105 m3 in 2015． Both the total gray water footprint and unit mass of grey water footprint of cotton are the largest; ④ In Yutian County agricultural landscape elements，the water footprints of the main crops and livestock products produced is 0．231 billion m3 and 0．313 billion m3 ，respectively，and the total consumption water footprint of the two elements is 0．227 billion m3 ; ⑤From the agricultural and animal products consumption of Yutian County，the consumption of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents，except for poultry meat，milk and aquatic products． The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the optimization of water resources and agricultural planting structure of Yutian County．