Most studies of open canal automation have concentrated on controlling single canal pool or cascaded multiple canal pools, neglecting the hydraulic coupling effects among the multi-level canals in the irrigation canal system. It is difficult to guarantee the efficiency and equity of agricultural water delivery. A distributed model predictive control algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers, called the ADMM-DMPC algorithm, was developed by the author for the small-scale branching irrigation canal systems. To examine the scalability and control performance of the algorithm, the large-scale three-level dendritic irrigation canal system of Zhanghe Irrigation District in Hubei Province was taken as a case study. The results were compared with those of classical PI composite control and traditional manual control. When the scale and complexity of the control object were largely extended, the ADMM-DMPC algorithm could still ensure that the water level at each control point of each canal pool in each level canal fluctuated with small deviations and was kept within the safety range. In the meantime, the water level decline rate met the safety requirement. The control performance is far better than the classical PI composite control and the traditional manual control. This study demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of the ADMM-DMPC algorithm for the hydraulic control of multi-level, dendritic irrigation canal systems in large-scale irrigation districts, highlighting its significant potential for precision irrigation and the modernization of these districts.

The filter is one of the core of the micro-irrigation system, and the filtration efficiency and head loss are the key indicators to evaluate its performance. In order to explore the optimal working conditions of the Pontoon mesh rotary filte under muddy water conditions, five groups of flow rates(260、295、330、365、400 m³/h), five groups of sediment concentration(0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 g/L), five groups of flushing flow rates (17、19、21、23、25 L/min) and five groups of filtration time (0.15、2、4、6、8 h ) were carried out. The physical full test was carried out. The influencing factors of head loss and filtration efficiency were sorted by range, variance and main effect multiple comparison analysis, and the optimal working conditions of the Pontoon mesh rotary filter under muddy water conditions were determined.The results show that the factors affecting the head loss of the Pontoon mesh rotary filter under the condition of muddy water are ranked as flow rate > flushing flow rate > sediment concentration > filtration time; the order of factors affecting filtration efficiency is sediment concentration > flow rate > filtration time > flushing flow rate. The optimum operating conditions of the Pontoon mesh rotary filter under this test range are : flow rate of 330 m³/h, sediment concentration of 1.5 g/L, filtration time of 6 h, and flushing flow rate of 25 L/min. Under this condition, the head loss is 2.361 m, and the filtration efficiency is 83.72%, which can ensure good filtration efficiency and small head loss, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient irrigation.

This study aimed to explore the effects of subsoiling tillage on border irrigation technical parameters and soil infiltration characteristics for winter wheat in the North China Plain. This study we investigated tillage methods of winter wheat (subsoiling tillage PS, traditional cultivation CK) combined with two border irrigation technology parameters (fields width of 1.7、3.4、5.1 m and inflow rate of 30、40 m³/h) on water flow advancing and receding and soil moisture dynamics. The WinSRFR model, calibrated and validated using field experiment data, was employed to invert soil infiltration parameters for different treatments and to evaluate the corresponding irrigation quality. Compared with traditional treatments, subsoiling cultivation extended the irrigation total duration of water flow advancement by 5.58 and 5.87 minutes on average, respectively. The WinSRFR model could effectively simulate the border irrigation flow movement process of after subsoiling (R ² was above 0.93). Compared with CK, during the jointing stage, PS increased the soil infiltration coefficient K and infiltration index a by 20.72% and 1.41% on average, respectively. The K value decreased with the increase of border width and inflow rate after subsoiling. During the jointing stage, compared to CK, PS increased irrigation efficiency, water storage efficiency, and irrigation uniformity by an average of 2.76%、5.95% and 4.95%, respectively, while reducing deep percolation losses by an average of 15.05%. The combination with field width of 3.4m and inflow rate of 40 m3/h after subsoiling achieved the optimal comprehensive irrigation quality and the lowest deep percolation loss.

In this paper, a three-way flow channel emitter is taken as the research object, and the energy dissipation mechanism and anti-blocking performance of the three-way flow channel emitter are studied by analyzing the flow field and particle trajectory, so as to provide reference for subsequent improvement and optimization. The flow index of the emitter is between 0.483 2 and 0.518 2. When the water distribution angle is 55°, the flow index is optimal. As the water distribution angle increased, two distinct flow patterns emerged within the channel. Energy dissipation occurred primarily through vortex formation in low-velocity zones and flow impingement/collision in high-velocity zones. Adjusting the flow channel dimensions could make the flow convergence ratio (or impinging flow ratio) in the confluence section approach 1, thereby enhancing the impingement effect (or convergence effect) and improving hydraulic performance. With the increase of the working pressure of the emitter, the flow ratio in the channel with a water diversion angle greater than 45° is not affected, while the flow ratio in the channel with a water diversion angle less than 45° is more and more deviated from 1.By observing the trajectory of sediment particles, it is found that most of the sediment particles in the flow channel flow with the high-speed zone, and the trajectory of sediment particles in the flow channel with smaller diversion angle will change with the change of working pressure. In this way, high-speed water flow can be used to wash every corner of the flow channel and improve the anti-blocking performance of the emitter. These findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing multi-channel emitter structures and further analyzing energy dissipation mechanisms.

Fertilizer and water are the foundation of the growth and cultivation for crops in mountain orchards. Inaccurate irrigation facilities and water-fertilizer ratios can affect the economic viability of mountain orchards. A fertigation system can formulate suitable fertigation plans based on the crop-specific fertilizer requirements and characteristics in mountain orchards. To solve the problems of low level of automation, poor accuracy, and real-time performance associated with traditional fertigation system, a smart fertigation system based on the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm was designed. The system utilizes the Bluetooth mesh network to collect data within the orchard, uploads the data through WIFI Halow technology and calculated the aperture of the electric ball valve by the MPC algorithm to achieve remote and precise control of the electrical conductance (EC) of the solution. The results showed that the regulation time of the system was 7.3 s, which is 82.4 % shorter than the swarm intelligence-optimized PID control. The overshoot was 1.32 %, which is 80.9 % lower than the swarm intelligence-optimized PID control. The developed system effectively improved the mixing accuracy of water and fertilizer irrigation process, thereby saving irrigation water, reducing labor costs, and enhancing production efficiency.

In order to investigate the influence of common arrangement forms of micro-sprinkler irrigation on the actual water content distribution and irrigation uniformity under different soil conditions, three typical cultivated soils on the Loess Plateau, namely, loess mian soil, jute soil and black clay soil, were selected as research objects to determine the relationship between soil water suction and soil water content under the conditions of soil bulk weight of 1.30、1.35 and 1.40 g/cm³, and to obtain the parameters of soil infiltration through the one-dimensional infiltration test., while three micro-sprinkler irrigation arrangement forms were set up to determine the actual distribution of soil water content and homogeneity factor, and to propose three suitable micro-sprinkler irrigation arrangement forms for three soils. Results showed that: Yellow - hemp soil has the best water holding property among the three soils; under the same soil conditions, the water holding property of soil decreases with the increase of bulk density, and the water effectiveness of soil increases with the increase of bulk density; the vertical transport speed of the wetting front of Yellow - hemp soil is the slowest, and the cumulative amount of infiltration is the largest; and the vertical transport speed of the water holding front of Loessal soil is the fastest, and the cumulative amount of infiltration is the smallest; The Kostiakov model can accurately describe the relationship between cumulative infiltration and time for the three soils; in Yellow - hemp soil, the best irrigation uniformity can be obtained by the equilateral triangle layout; in Dark Loessial Soil and Loessal soil, the best irrigation uniformity can be obtained by the square arrangement.

Soil moisture content is an important indicator of the sensitivity of farmland ecosystem. In order to improve the inversion efficiency and accuracy of soil moisture content in near-ground remote sensing, based on the multi-spectral image data of UAV, this study extracted the spectral reflectance of three land features of film-covered cultivated land, alfalfa and wheat. The quality of the spectral information was optimized using a plastic mulch interference elimination technique and a red-edge band feature reconstruction method. Five kinds of spectral reflectance and 18 indexes were screened by variable importance in projection (VIP), gray relational analysis (GRA) and Pearson correlation analysis. Three machine learning models based on Back-Propagation neural network (BPNN), Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Random Forest (RF) were established to determine the optimal soil moisture content inversion model under different land crop cover conditions. Results showed that the inversion result is improved by removing the film background. Among the three screening algorithms, the accuracy of the model after VIP analysis and GRA analysis is significantly higher than that of Pearson correlation analysis. The inversion results fluctuate less, and the inversion results of the sensitive variable group are better than those of the full variable group. In the three sample plots, the BPNN algorithm of film-covered cultivated land has stronger analytical ability and model robustness than SVR and RF algorithms in nonlinear problems. The determination coefficient R_v ² of the validation set reaches more than 0.8, and the result can be more true. Feedback soil moisture content, SVR algorithm is more suitable for soil moisture content inversion under high vegetation coverage such as alfalfa and wheat; the accuracy of the soil moisture content inversion model based on GRA analysis was the highest in the three plots. The GRA-BPNN validation set R_v ² of the film-covered cultivated land was 0.801, the RMSE_v was 1.25 %, and the MAE_v was 0.933%. The GRA-SVR validation set R_v ² of the alfalfa plot was 0.799, the RMSE_v was 1.389 %, and the MAE_v was 1.181%; the validation set R_v ² was 0.837, RMSE_{v was 0.711%, and MAEv was 0.538%.}

Water and soil resource scarcity significantly constrain economic and social development, while excessive nitrogen application exacerbates soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation, further deteriorating the ecological environment. Identifying appropriate agricultural cultivation and management practices to mitigate nitrate residue and leaching in farmland has emerged as a critical strategy for ecological conservation. This study investigated the effects of water and nitrogen management on nitrate nitrogen transport by analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution and accumulation patterns of soil nitrate nitrogen under varying water and nitrogen conditions. Four irrigation levels (W0: 45%~55% field capacity (θ_FC ); W1: 55%~65% θ_FC; W2: 65%~75% θ_FC; W3: 75%~85% θ_FC ) and four nitrogen application levels (N0: 0 kg/hm2; N1: 150 kg/hm2; N2: 300 kg/hm2; N3: 450 kg/hm2) were applied. The results revealed that soil nitrate nitrogen content decreased with increasing soil depth. During the vegetative growth and full bloom stages, the differences in nitrate nitrogen between N1 and N0, as well as between N2 and N3, were not significant under varying water conditions. However, the nitrate nitrogen content and accumulation in N2 and N3 treatments increased by 70%~318% (p<0.05) and 98%~201%, respectively, compared to N0 and N1. Increasing nitrogen application did not significantly affect nitrate nitrogen content and accumulation in the 80~100 cm soil layer. During the fall fruiting period of Lycium barbarum, nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the 80~100 cm soil layer decreased by 47%~51%、33%~44%、22%~47% and 2%~20% under W1、W2 and W3 conditions, respectively, compared to W0. Nitrate nitrogen leaching depth was greater under W3 conditions. Under W1、W2 and W3 conditions, nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the N0 treatment followed the order: 30 cm>90 cm>150 cm>120 cm, whereas in the W0N1、W1N2 and W3N3 treatments, accumulation was greater at 150 cm than at 120 cm. Nitrate nitrogen tended to leach downward with increasing irrigation levels, and higher nitrogen application rates led to increased nitrate nitrogen content. The coefficient of variation (CV) of soil nitrate nitrogen content was generally moderate (0.1<CV<1.0). Nitrate nitrogen accumulation significantly increased with higher nitrogen application, and the predictive accuracy of the random forest model was notably superior to that of traditional regression models. To minimize soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen leaching, a mild water deficit (W2: 65%~75% θ_FC ) combined with moderate nitrogen application (N2: 300 kg/hm2) is recommended for the Lycium barbarum || alfalfa system.

Irrigation and drainage are fundamental measures for the reclamation and utilization of saline-alkali land. It provides effective guarantee for the sustainable development and ecological restoration of saline-alkali land by reducing soil salinity, improving soil physical and chemical properties, and promoting soil microbial activities. Based on CiteSpace software, this paper makes a visual analysis of the literature on the improvement of saline-alkali land by irrigation and drainage at home and abroad from 1992 to 2024. The results show that the number of papers published in this field is generally on the rise. The journals with more papers are Agricultural Water Management, Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, etc. The countries with more papers are China, the United States, Australia, etc., among which China has a more significant impact in this field. At present, this field is more active in the direction of subsurface drainage and salt discharge, brackish water irrigation, drip irrigation and salt control. In the future, it will develop in the direction of innovative optimization of precise salt control technology and construction of comprehensive improvement system, so as to further cope with the challenge of precise salt control in extreme climate, and explore new improvement methods such as eco-hydrological salt control technology, so as to help the improvement of saline-alkali land and the sustainable development of land ecology.

To address the pressing issue of severe desertification in the Southwest region, this study investigates the effects of straw mixtures on the growth and developmental characteristics of mosses, along with alterations in soil nutrient levels and microbial diversity. The results indicate that: ① The appropriate length and application rate of straw mixtures are more conducive to the growth and development of moss plants, with significant differences in moss density and coverage among treatments of varying straw lengths or application rates. When the straw length is in powder form, 1、2 or 3 cm and the application rate is 1.4%, the moss density is highest. At application rates of 0.7%、1.4% and 2.1%, the highest moss density occurs with 1 cm straw fragments. For straw lengths in powder form, 2 cm and 3 cm, the highest moss coverage is achieved at an application rate of 1.4%; for 1cm straw length, the highest moss coverage is at an application rate of 2.1%. At application rates of 0.7%、1.4% and 2.1%, the highest moss coverage is also observed with 1cm straw fragments, although differences compared to other lengths were minor. ② Straw amendment increased soil saturated water holding capacity. However, only treatments with 1 cm straw fragments at application rates of 1.4% and 2.1% showed significantly higher cumulative evaporation compared to the control (CK). Saturated water holding capacity did not significantly affect moss growth, but cumulative evaporation was positively correlated with moss growth. ③ The effective phosphorus content in the soil under the straw mixture treatment increased by 149.92 mg/kg compared to the control group. The highest levels of effective phosphorus were observed when straw was mixed in a powdered form, whereas the other treatment lengths resulted in lower effective phosphorus content. Additionally, available potassium levels generally increased relative to the CK treatment and exhibited a positive trend with greater application amounts for all treated groups, including those involving powdered straw as well as straw lengths of 1、2 and 3 cm. ④ At the phylum level, the soil microbial community under straw mixture treatment was primarily composed of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi, with Proteobacteria representing 30.15% to 53.42% of species richness within the community. Compared to the control group, the treatment group significantly increased species richness and community diversity, indicating a positive effect on soil restoration in karst rocky desertification areas.

Based on the HYDRUS-2D numerical simulation software, this paper focuses on the soil in corn farmland with drip irrigation under a shallowly buried (1.5 meters) film in the Hetao Irrigation District. It explores the laws of water and salt transport in the soil within the depth of 0~100 cm during the growth period and the appropriate autumn irrigation quota under the conditions of uniform soil salt distribution in the 0~100 cm soil layer and different salt distributions in the 100~150 cm soil profile (“A - increasing first and then decreasing”, “B - consistent”, and “C - linearly increasing”). Results showed that the water transport patterns were consistent across the different initial salt profiles. After drip irrigation under the film, the average soil water content in each layer of the 0~100 cm soil during the growth period gradually decreases in a sawtooth pattern. The average water content increases with the increase of depth, and the shallow groundwater continuously replenishes water to the upper layer. The average soil water content within the depth of 0~60 cm is higher inside the film than outside the film, and it is basically the same inside and outside the film at other depths. This study emphasizes that to avoid inefficient water losses (deep percolation and lateral seepage outside the film), the irrigation amount per event should be reduced during the early and late growth stages of maize and increased during the peak vegetative growth stage. At the end of the growth period, the soil salt in the three initial salt profiles shows a surface accumulation type distribution. The salt concentration outside the film is higher than that inside the film. The higher the center of gravity of the salt concentration in the initial profile, the deeper the salt accumulation range. The salt accumulation depths (inside the film/outside the film) of the three profiles are C (65 cm/67 cm) > B (72 cm/74 cm) > A (78 cm/80 cm). When the autumn irrigation quotas are 1 000、2 000 and 3 000 m3/hm2, the salt can be leached to below 40、60 and 60 cm respectively. The appropriate autumn irrigation quotas for the three salt distributions of A, B, and C are 2 000、1 000 and 1 000 m3/hm2 respectively.

In order to further improve the utilization efficiency of farmland water and fertilizer in the irrigation area on the south bank of the Yellow River and achieve the goal of saving farmland water and fertilizer, this study carried out a corn experiment under film drip irrigation in 2023, and set three different irrigation levels: Low water W1(1 200 m³/hm²), medium water W2(1 800 m³/hm²), high water W3(2 400 m³/hm²), 3 nitrogen application levels: Low fertilizer N1(140 kg/hm²), medium fertilizer N2(210 kg/hm²), high fertilizer N3(280 kg/hm²), and a control group was set up without irrigation and fertilization (CK). The effects of water and nitrogen coupling on maize growth characteristics, yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity were studied. The results showed that with the increase of irrigation and fertilizer amount, the leaf area index and maize plant height increased first and then tended to be stable. After sowing for 40 days, there was no significant difference in dry matter accumulation among different treatments, and after emerging for 60 days, the dry matter accumulation rate of each treatment increased significantly in the maize selectorization stage. Under the same irrigation conditions, maize yield increased with increasing nitrogen application. Specifically, the N2 treatment yield was 10% higher than the N3 treatment and 22.4% higher than the N1 treatment. Under the same fertilization condition, corn yield also increased significantly with irrigation, and the difference between high water treatment and middle water treatment was not obvious. The WUE of corn increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation amount. The WUE of middle water treatment was about 2.5 kg/m³, while that of high water treatment was about 2 kg/m³. The maximum nitrogen deviation productivity was 74 kg/kg under the treatment of high water and low nitrogen, and the minimum nitrogen deviation productivity was 36.6 kg/kg under the treatment of low water and high nitrogen. When the nitrogen application rate was the same, the nitrogen deviation productivity was positively correlated with the amount of irrigation. The regression model of irrigation amount, fertilizer application amount and yield was established, and then through the optimization process, the irrigation interval was 1 800~2 160 m³/hm² and the fertilization interval was 210~250 kg/hm² when the yield was maximum. Results of comprehensive analysis: ① In this study, under the condition of W2N2 (1 800 m³/hm²、210 kg/hm²) treatment, maize plant height, leaf area index, dry matter, yield and other indicators reached the ideal state, but it was not the optimal irrigation and fertilization range. ② After optimization, the irrigation and fertilization amount of W2N2 treatment were at the lower boundary of the determined optimal range, suggesting that rates could be appropriately increased. ③ The optimized irrigation and fertilization interval (1 800~2 160 m³/hm²、210~250 kg/hm²) was less than that of W3N3 (2 400 m³/hm²、280 kg/hm²), which could satisfy the ideal yield while ensuring higher water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

Currently, the phenology module of the WOFOST model does not adequately simulate crop phenological development under water stress, which further affects the accuracy of yield prediction under water stress conditions. In this study, we reconstructed the phenological development sequence of corn using meteorological data, crop parameters, and measured phenological information. We modified the phenology sub-module of the WOFOST model to assimilate phenological information using a forcing-based approach. The performance of the assimilated phenology-based WOFOST model in simulating corn growth under water stress conditions was validated using experimental data from a summer corn field in the Wuhan University Irrigation and Drainage Field in 2022. Results showed that after assimilating phenological information for the entire maize growth period, the model's simulation accuracy improved: the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) for Leaf Area Index (LAI), Aboveground Biomass (AGB), and Storage Organ Biomass (SOB) decreased by 0.14 m2/m2、37.92 kg/hm² and 832 kg/hm², respectively; the corresponding Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) decreased by 7.71%、0.57% and 13.47%, respectively. This study provides a new approach for assimilating crop phenological information and improving the accuracy of the WOFOST model in simulating crop growth under water stress conditions.

The objective is to study the effect of climate change on the water requirement for spring wheat irrigation in Ningxia. In this study, the future spring wheat growth model of Ningxia Yellow River Diversion irrigation area was established by using the localized calibrated WOFOST model and optimized CMIP6 data. The changes of irrigation water demand were analyzed based on model simulation results and climate and soil conditions. The spatial distribution of precipitation in the study area clearly showed a pattern of being higher in the south and east, and lower in the north and west. The average monthly net precipitation in Huinong, Huinong and Yinchuan under the three models of SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585 was the highest, which were 0.025、0.351 and 0.410 mm, respectively. However, increased evaporation is projected to reduce effective precipitation during future summers; The amount of irrigation required in spring wheat growth period increased with the increase of carbon emission, ranging from 460~520、480~560 and 410~590 mm under SSP126, 245 and 585 scenarios, respectively. The overall fluctuation range of irrigation water demand increased with the increase of carbon emission. The total irrigation water requirement of spring wheat in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia is expected to vary from 2.05×10⁸ m³ to 2.69×10⁸ m³ in the future. Irrigation water requirement of spring wheat was positively correlated with average wind speed, average maximum temperature, average radiation amount, total soil evaporation and total crop transpiration during the growth period, and negatively correlated with precipitation during the growth period, in which total crop transpiration was the most affected, with a correlation index of 0.81. The change of meteorological factors caused by climate change will have a great impact on the change of irrigation water requirement in spring wheat growing period, and there is an increasing trend in the long term, and the overall increase will be with the increase of carbon emissions. The study results have important guiding significance for the formulation of climate change adaptation strategies and water resources management plans.

The objective of this study is to explore the continuous variation of stem water potential and its response to environmental factors of apple trees under different irrigation levels of drip irrigation, so as to provide a basis for the construction of a diagnostic method for water deficit of drip irrigation fruit trees based on the variation of stem water potential. We used the PSY1 in-situ stem water potential measuring instrument to continuously monitor the stem water potential (Ψs) of drip-irrigated apple trees, while simultaneously monitoring surrounding environmental factors. We then analyzed the typical sunny days and growth period variations of apple tree stem water potential (Ψs) under different irrigation levels (full irrigation FI, insufficient irrigation NI); discuss the influence of drip irrigation apple stem water potential by environmental factors was discussed. ① On typical sunny days, the diurnal variation of Ψs of apple trees showed a downward trend of low day and high night under different irrigation levels, but the recovery rate of stem water potential in NI treatment decreased. However, the diurnal variation of Ψs of apple trees on rainy days showed a “V” shaped curve. the diurnal trough value of Ψs increased by about 0.4 MPa after rainfall. ② Compared with the FI treatment, the pre-dawn Ψs of the NI treatment decreased by 0.20~0.38 MPa after sustained water stress during the fruit expansion stage, and often failed to recover to the previous day′s level. However the pre-dawn Ψs of the NI showed a gradual increasing trend following rainfall or irrigation events. ③ There was a significant negative correlation between Ψs and solar radiation (SR), vapor pressure defict (VPD) and atmospheric temperature (TA) under different irrigation treatments on typical sunny days in each growth period. the time delay effect of Ψs was significantly behind that of SR. the time delay elliptic equation of Ψs and SR was established and the area was calculated, which showed that the area of the delay circle of NI treatment increased by 49.17~64.46 compared with FI treatment. Correspondingly, the corresponding delay time of NI treatment was 15~30 min longer than that of FI treatment. Ψs variations in drip-irrigated apple trees are closely related to irrigation levels, SR、VPD and air temperature. Pre-dawn Ψs is a reliable indicator for diagnosing water deficit in apple trees. Furthermore, the hysteresis between Ψs and SR can also be utilized for diagnosing the water status of drip-irrigated apple trees.

To study the effects of micro-nano aerated irrigation with humic acid addition on yield, quality, economic benefit, greenhouse gas emission of processing tomato, and to comprehensively evaluate both yield improvement and quality improvement and economic benefit improvement and greenhouse gas emission reduction, and optimize the fertilizer gas coupling scheme of processing tomato. A two-factor completely randomized design was employed with two factors: irrigation method (micro-nano aerated irrigation, O; conventional shallow subsurface drip irrigation as control, S) and humic acid application rate (as a percentage of total fertilizer mass: 0%, H0; 0.5%, H1). The effects of the four treatments on the yield, quality, economic benefit and greenhouse gas emission indexes of processing tomato were studied. Meanwhile, Topsis evaluation system was used to select the optimal treatment that balanced yield increase, quality improvement, economic benefit improvement and greenhouse gas emission reduction. Results Under micro-nano aerated irrigation, the yield index of processing tomato was significantly increased, among which the yield and single fruit weight were significantly increased by 34.96% and 21.06% (P<0.05). The quality indexes were significantly increased (P<0.05) except that titrable acid was significantly decreased by 6.07% (P<0.05), the other indexes were also significantly increased (P<0.05), among which vitamin C and lycopene were significantly increased by 41.54% and 41.94% (P<0.05), respectively. The yield and quality indexes of processing tomato were significantly increased by adding humic acid treatment, except that titrable acid was significantly decreased by 10.82% (P<0.05). Economic benefits were enhanced by both micro-nano aerated irrigation and humic acid addition. The cumulative emission of CO₂ and N₂O in soil under micro-nano aeration was significantly increased by 32.67% and 58.87% (P<0.05), and that under humic acid addition was significantly increased by 20.54% and 46.82% (P<0.05). The cumulative CH₄ emission in soil under micro-nano aerated irrigation and humic acid addition was significantly decreased by 31.46% and 19.37% (P<0.05), respectively. According to Topsis comprehensive evaluation, the comprehensive score of H1O treatment combining yield increase and quality improvement and greenhouse gas emission reduction was the highest, and the score of H0S was the lowest. Therefore, the application of humic acid added fertilizer under micro and nano aerated irrigation is the best scheme to both increase yield and improve quality of processing tomato, improve economic benefit and reduce greenhouse gas emission under this experimental condition.